Program

TMREES25: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT & SUSTAINABILITY

PROGRAM FOR MONDAY, OCTOBER 29TH, 2025

Chairs: Sofiene Dellagi, Kareem Jasim, Elena Cristina Rada, Panagiotis Papageorgas and Chafic Salamé

10:00	Ahmed Khudhur Salih and Mohsin Hassan Ali Experimental determination of gamma ray attenuation and scattering coefficients of epoxy-potassium chloride composite as a tissue equivalent ABSTRACT. Gamma ray attenuation coefficients for epoxy resin samples supported with potassium chloride (KCl) at room temperature determined using the open mold method with a radius of (2.9) cm and a height of (0.5) cm. The study examined the impact of different weight fractions of potassium chloride particles on gamma ray attenuation coefficients. The sodium iodide detector system, doped with thallium NaI(Th), was used to analyze gamma ray spectra from point radioactive sources like americium, cesium, and radium. The detector was placed (15) cm apart, and the spectral collection time was set at (900) sec. The intensity of gamma ray photons was used to calculate the net number of light peaks. The linear and mass attenuation coefficient and free path rate were determined, with the best result for equivalent tissues being obtained for a sample with a (10)% reinforcement ratio. The difference in data from ICRU-44 is less than (7)%, confirming the potential use of these materials as equivalent tissues in radiation and biology fields.
10:12	Alvic Arnado, Vencrist Jhun Castro and Marsha Arnado Influence of Workload and Career Development Opportunities on Turnover Rates and Performance Among PNP Non-Uniformed Personnel ABSTRACT. This study investigates the influence of workload and opportunities for career development on job performance and retention among non-uniformed personnel of the Philippine National Police (PNP) in the Philippines. Using quantitative methods, and examined through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the research provides important information on the working conditions of this significant, but often neglected group of the police workforce, and the developmental support provided. The results suggest that excessive task assignments and ongoing time pressure are detrimental to the job performance and retention of PNP non-uniformed personnel. Where there is multitasking, insufficient delegation and rest time, there will be stress and reduced efficiency. The study also indicates that career development opportunities such as training programs, just promotion opportunities, and opportunities to develop skills impact employee motivation and stronger levels of organizational commitment. Non-uniformed personnel are more likely to stay focused and perform well when they see opportunities for the development of their careers. Career opportunities are also a barrier factor for dealing with the stress of a heavy workload. The study highlights the need for the PNP to balance operational demands with professional development support. Strengthening human resource practices in this regard can foster a more resilient, efficient, and committed workforce within the public safety and law enforcement sector in the Philippines.
10:24	Tawfiq Amin and Mazin Abed The effect of Pressure on the Structural and Optical Properties of CdO Thin Films Deposited by Chemical Spray Pyrolysis on a Moving Substrate ABSTRACT. CdO thin films were deposited using chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) over a dynamic substrate travelling at 6 cm/s, at pressures between 1.0 and 2.5 bar. The research investigated the influence of deposition pressure on the structural, morphological, and optical characteristics of the films. X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified the existence of cubic CdO crystals, exhibiting a principal peak at 33° associated with the (111) plane. Elevated pressure diminished crystallite size from 60.43 nm to 18.49 nm, concurrently augmenting micro strain and lattice distortion as a result of internal stress. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) examination corroborated these findings, demonstrating a transition from big irregular grains to smaller compact grains with increasing pressure. The dynamic substrate improved film transparency by enhancing homogeneity and minimizing agglomeration, resulting in a more uniform grain distribution. Optical investigation demonstrated a clear correlation between structural alterations and optical efficacy. The film deposited at 1 pressure demonstrated 85% transmittance, which diminished to 40% at 2.5 bar as a result of heightened grain density and flaws. The optical band gap decreased from 2.17 eV to 2.00 eV with elevated pressure, due to enhanced crystallinity and a rise in defect states. Fluctuations in the absorption coefficient and refractive index corresponded with structural and morphological analyses. This research emphasizes the significance of pressure regulation in enhancing CdO films for use in transparent conductive oxides, photodetectors, and solar cells.
10:36	Ahmed Ghazi Kareem and Nadim Khaled Hassan Investigation Of The Influence Of Laser Pulse And Energy On The Optical And Structural Characteristics Of (Zno-Coo) Films Fabricated Using Pulsed Laser Deposition (P.L.D.) ABSTRACT. This study aims to examine the influence of laser pulse number and laser energy on the optical and structural characteristics of ZnO-CoO thin films produced using the pulsed laser deposition (P.L.D.) technology. The films were fabricated from a 50:50 combination of zinc oxide and cobalt oxide, coated on glass substrates using a Nd:YAG laser with energy ranging from (100 to 350) mj and pulse counts between (200 and 700), thereafter subjected to thermal annealingat(450)°C. The findings indicated that augmenting the laser energy and pulse count enhanced the optical characteristics, resulting in heightened optical absorption, diminished transmittance, and a reduction in the optical energy gap from (2.92 to 2.66) eV. This reduction is ascribed to heightened crystallinity and the formation of novel energy levels. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) pictures revealed that the grains were irregularly shaped and grouped, but the surface roughness progressively diminished with increased energy and pulse counts owing to the deposition of greater quantities of material. XRD investigations indicated that the films were polycrystalline, including hexagonal and cubic phases, with the predominant (002) phase remaining unchanged and a notable rise in grain size from (1.8 to 2.12) μm.
10:48	Ali Ismail Preparation of Novel Hybrid Polymeric Coatings for Corrosion Protection of Steel Rebars ABSTRACT. In this study, an organic–inorganic hybrid polymer for the corrosion protection of steel rebars was prepared from ethyl methacrylate, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMPSM), through free-radical polymerisation using different molar ratios of benzoyl peroxide as the initiator. The samples were denoted as W1, W2, and W3. Following acidic hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate with the TMPSM using the sol-gel process, both solutions were then mixed to obtain a hybrid polymer matrix containing both organic and inorganic phases. Subsequently, steel reinforced coatings demonstrated the highest adhesion levels during adhesion tests. The hybrid polymer films were then characterised using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to confirm their skeletal structures. The structural features of the hybrid polymeric coatings were investigated using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and the overall impacts of structure on the thermal behaviour and thermal transformation were examined using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry methods, while the surface and morphological characteristics of the corrosion product films were examined using SEM and AFM. The results showed that the coatings were similar in terms of surface topography, verifying their nanoscale distribution (18–200 nm particle size).

11:00-12:00 Session 2

Chairs: Kareem Jasim and Luis Angelats-Silva

11:00	Aya Ali Ismail, Mahmood Hmood and Laith Najam Study of the Alloy's Al-Cu-PbxZn10-x Performance in Attenuating Gamma Rays ABSTRACT. The study focuses on studying the gamma-ray shielding performance of Al-Cu-Pb-Zn alloys, with an emphasis on their mass attenuation coefficients (MAC), half-value layer (HVL), and mean free path (MFP) in comparison to theoretical values. The study utilized three different alloy compositions: A1 (Al67Cu23Pb1Z9), A2 (Al67Cu23Pb2Z8), and A3 (Al67Cu23Pb3Z7), adjusting the proportions of aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) to assess their impact on gamma-ray attenuation. The findings indicated that the mass attenuation coefficient of the sample A3 was high (0.825 cm2/g) at 60 keV due to its increased lead content that made it have dramatic radiation shielding efficacy. Conversely, sample, A1 recorded the lowest mass attenuation coefficient (0.072 cm2/g) with a radiation of 662 keV. The mass attenuation coefficient was found to decrease gradually with increase of photon energy where Compton scattering becomes ineffective at higher energies. This pattern was not different to the theoretical prognoses attained utilizing the XCOM software to underscore the authenticity of the experimental setting. Besides, the HVL and MFP showed the negative correlation to the mass attenuation coefficient, and the greater concentrations of lead led to lower values found and indicated the increased shielding at decreased material thickness. The agreement between the experimental and theoretical calculations was quite high and particularly, in the immunological levels and mean free path, hence these alloys can effectively be used in gamma ray shielding applications. Also X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed the presence of different phases and elemental composition of alloys with the reason that they have radiation protective potential. On the whole, the results indicate that Al-Cu-Pb-Zn alloys, especially those with a larger amount of lead, have a viable possibility of use in radiation shielding.
11:12	Sarmad Ali Fabrication of SnSe Alloys and Study of its Structural, Optical, and photoelectric Properties for the Prepared Thin Films ABSTRACT. In this study, thin films of SnSe alloys were fabricated at different annealing temperatures, ranging from room temperature (RT) to 300°C, and their structural, optical, and optoelectronic properties were investigated. The structural properties of the prepared material were determined through X-ray diffraction (XRD) to first ensure the properties of the films and verify their compliance with ASTM standards. Subsequently, other structural properties such as the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the peaks, crystalline planes spacing, and crystallite size were examined. The optical characterization of the material enabled the estimation of its band gap. The results showed that the band gap values ranged between 1.4 eV and 2.12 eV, depending on the sample conditions.
11:24	Anderson Silva Aguilar, Joaquin Mendoza Chate, Sandro Saavedra Cagallaza and Jonathan R.-F. Literature Review: Affordable and Green Energy for Agricultural Communities ABSTRACT. Access to affordable, renewable energy is essential for sustainable development and improving quality of life, especially in rural and agricultural communities. By 2030, the aim is to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and improve health, given that in rural areas 48% of households suffer from respiratory diseases due to the use of these fuels. Reason why, in this research, an analysis of literature on affordable and ecological energy for agricultural communities will be carried out, for which Rayyan was used where with our titles 2,045 publications were found from the database such as Scopus, IEEE Xplore and ScienceDirect in which has been leaked. However, energy generation and consumption continue to cause environmental and social problems due to dependence on unsustainable sources and the increase in natural disasters. The transition to clean energy, such as solar, biomass and wind, can reduce costs and CO2 emissions. Microgrids, supported by artificial intelligence, represent a key to innovation, allowing rural communities more efficient access to energy. Collaboration between the community and the private and government sectors is crucial to the success of these projects. The research bases its data on reliable databases such as Scopus, IEEE Xplore and ScienceDirect, and uses bibliometric analyzes to understand the current energy context and propose sustainable solutions that contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
11:36	Mustafa Shareef and Ulvi Kanbur Production of fluorine and its role in the diagnosis of cancer 15N (α, n)18F and 18F (n, α)15N ABSTRACT. In this study, the cross sections for the reaction 15N (α, n)18F were calculated due to the great importance of fluorine 18, as it is one of the radioactive isotopes used in the medical field, as it is used in diagnosing cancer (pet), and because fluorine is distinguished by a property, which is its strong ability to attract electrons, as it has an electronegative property, as it contains five electrons in its outer 2p shell. The cross sections for the reverse reaction 18F(n, α)15N were also calculated, and the highest probability of producing a fluorine isotope was determined in an energy range of 8.7 to 15 MeV, with energy steps of 0.15 MeV. With a threshold energy of 1.05117 MeV. Semi-empirical equations for the cross sections of the reverse reaction were also derived by deriving equations that depend on the mass of the bombarding particle, the mass of the exiting particle, the masses of the target nucleus, the daughter nucleus, the spin, and the party. We note that the highest probability of a reaction occurring is 16.3444 MeV when the neutron energy is 9.3736 MeV. We note that the cross-section values fluctuate to several peaks, including when the incident neutron energy is 11.3736 MeV, where the cross-section is 8.2743 MeV. As for the neutron energy values calculated by the reverse reaction of the 18F(n,α)15N reaction, the cross-section values range between (16.3444 - 0.4879) mbarn and the energy values range between (11.6236 - 6.3738) MeV
11:48	Omar Abdul and Sameera Ahmed Evaluation of uranium levels in dental amalgam fillings using neutron activation analysis technology ABSTRACT. In this pilot study, we calculated uranium concentrations, equivalent and absorbed doses, and radiological hazard coefficients for ten samples of metal amalgam fillings, which consisted of mercury at a ratio ranging from 50 to 60%, and the rest were zinc, tin, silver, and copper, with ratios varying from one manufacturer to another. These samples were collected from different locations in Iraq, from government hospitals, or purchased from authorized dealers, specifically from Baghdad, using neutron activation technology and a CR-39 solid-state path detector. The samples were ground, pressed into 1.5 cm diameter disc-shaped molds, placed over the detector pieces and secured with adhesive tape. They were then exposed to a neutron flux inside an Americium beryllium accelerator for seven days at a neutron flux rate of 105 n.cm-2.sec-1 and a neutron flux of 6.048×1010 n.cm-2 After that, the chemical scraping stage was carried out, and the effects were calculated manually using an optical microscope and also using computer images. The results showed uranium concentrations ranging between (3.0817 and 5.441 parts per million) for the fifth and seventh samples, respectively, and a risk factor ranging between (0.205724 and 0.363222) for the same samples. In other words, the uranium concentration and the risk factor were at their lowest levels for sample number five, and at their highest levels for sample number seven, as shown in the research input table. Our findings demonstrate that uranium is still used today, albeit in very small quantities, in the composition of these fillings, despite being banned in the 1980s. However, its radiation doses remain within the limits permitted by the International Atomic Energy Agency and the World Health Organization

13:00-14:00 Lunch Break

13:00-14:00 Session 3

Chair: Maryam Dhary Kamel

13:00	Shaimaa Aldabag Optical Properties Study of CdO Thin Films Before and After Cesium Irradiation at Fixed Concentration and Temperature, with Varying Nozzle-Base Distances and a Mobile Substrate ABSTRACT. This study investigates the optical properties of cadmium oxide (CdO) thin films before and after cesium-137 (Cs-137) gamma irradiation, deposited using the Chemical Spray Pyrolysis (CSP) method. The CdO films were synthesized on glass substrates with varying nozzle-to-substrate distances to examine the impact of this parameter on optical characteristics. The films underwent irradiation at a dose of approximately 1.2 Gy to assess changes in key optical properties, including transmittance, absorbance, energy band gap, and extinction coefficient. Results indicate that irradiation significantly enhanced optical transmittance across all deposition distances, with values rising by up to 2.6% at 760 nm. The optical band gap narrowed post-irradiation, ranging from 2.224 eV to 2.498 eV, suggesting improved electronic properties for applications in optoelectronic devices. Additionally, the distance between the nozzle and substrate influenced film morphology, with longer distances leading to improved transmittance due to more uniform film deposition. This study underscores the potential of CdO thin films for solar cell applications, as the improvement in transparency and reduced band gap contribute to better light absorption and enhanced electrical conductivity, making them promising for renewable energy technologies.
13:12	Kareem Jasim and Mahmoud Yousif Hajem Effect of partial replacement of selenium by lead on electrical properties of S70Se30-XPbX of chalcogenide glasses ABSTRACT. This study included preparing five samples of the alloy S70Se30-XPbX with different lead concentrations x = (0, 5, 10, 15) prepared by the melting point method by partial replacement of selenium by lead. The electrical properties of the five samples were studied according to the replacement percentage. The electrical conductivity analysis revealed changes in the electrical properties of all samples due to the rearrangement of the amorphous material structure, and three different conduction mechanisms were identified. At low temperatures, the electron mobility was achieved by hopping between local states close to the Fermi energy; at medium temperatures, the conduction was achieved by transferring electrons between local levels within the conduction and valence bands; while at high temperatures, the electrons were transferred through extended levels within these two bands. The results showed that the calculated densities of states for localized, extended, and near-Fermi states change with the lead concentration.
13:24	Ikhlas H.Sallal and Nihad K. Ali Synthesis, and Structural Investigations of TiO2 Doped Cr2O3 Thin Films for Gas Sensor Applications ABSTRACT. The most important details of the synthesis by using pulsed laser ablation in deionized water to ablate the Cr2O3 and TiO2 nanoparticles and drop-casting the solutions on the substrates to deposit Cr2O3 thin films with concentration ratio (0 , 0.2 , 0.4 , 0.6 , 0.8)% of TiO2 are illustrated. Additionally, a concise and precis explanation of the structural analysis included X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) and gas sensor performance evaluation were provided. (XRD) test revealed that all samples of Cr2O3: TiO2 films have a polycrystalline nature with Rhombohedral structure and the Cr2O3 is crystalized as a main plane in (012),while TiO2 nanoparticles have anatase phase with tetragonal crystal structure at plane (112). The gas sensor device of the heterojunction of Cr2O3: TiO2/Psi with concentration ratio (0 , 0.2 , 0.4 , 0.6 , 0.8)% of TiO2 were examined when exposed to 400ppm of NO2 gas at various temperatures (R.T , 100 , 150)°C. The maximum value of sensitivity was 475.11% detected at 0.6% TiO2 at operation temperature of 100°C.
13:36	Khaleel Ali Khudhur, Nabeel Muhamedakram Samad and Raid Daoud Simulation of Wave Energy Dynamics for Renewable Power Systems ABSTRACT. Clean water is becoming increasingly scarce, endangering both human and environmental health. Since 1970, wave power distillation has been a process under development for creating freshwater. The system's movements must be represented in the time domain for real-time utilization in maritime structures. Due of the multilayer integrals in the model that the Cummins equation describes, this could present difficulties. Additionally, the measurement of amount must be predicted a few seconds in advance for the majority of control techniques designed for wave energy converters. In the field of energy from waves, this makes short-term prediction a crucial issue. Principal research on the impact of latches energy management exchanger in standard waves is among previous research on the subject. For application in irregular waves and in real time, the Latching control method was expanded in this thesis. In order to construct a system model, a It was implemented using a simple time-variant descriptive modeling of the ID-memory system. The quasi-causal stimulation factors were calculated using a particular method. An augmented Kalmar filter was chosen to anticipate the unresolved control variables. Simulations in MATLAB as well as Simulink were used to test structure factors, control schemes, and estimate techniques. It was verified that the unstructured version behaved as it should. The control algorithm further produced appropriate behavior. But neither efficiency nor irregularity were improved as a result of this. It was determined as a result that locking command is an inappropriate controlling technique for the Wave Oasis. With standards differences from the range of = 0.01 0.03 m a marine condition characterized by Hs = 2.5 and Tp = 9.1, the estimate technique performed satisfactorily for medium to low noise levels (noise amplitude of (0.01 -0.1 m)). The later should be examined or improved, though, if it was anticipated that the measurement noise would have higher levels of noise.
13:48	Iman Nasr Preparation and study of some physical and mechanical properties of PVA/CMC blends, for use as a treatment for paper sheets ABSTRACT. Abstract.This study was conducted in two stages: The first stage: preparing solutions of PVA/CMC binary mixtures, with different weight fractions of CMC (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%) for the purpose of preserving them from damage, and studying some of their physical and mechanical properties, which included (viscosity, drying speed, adhesion strength, traction resistance, maximum tensile stress that the material can withstand before reaching the fracture stage, maximum fracture energy, surface hardness and wear reat), and the second stage: preparing solutions of the same mixtures above and in the same previous proportions, for the purpose of treating and coating three different types of paper: Printing cellulose paper, Carton cellulose paper and Cash cellulose paper. With these prepared mixtures, the effect of the increase in the weight fraction of CMC on some physical and mechanical properties of the treated and coated samples was studied, which are represented by the coating thickness, surface hardness, cutting force, brightness, and water absorption. The results showed an improvement in wear resistance, and that increasing the CMC content in the PVA body after a weight fraction of 25% leads to the PVA material being subjected to the concept of granular sphericity. The studied properties showed an increase in thickness, an improvement in the values of surface hardness, tensile and scratch strength, a decrease in the intensity of brightness and gloss, and the occurrence of slight color changes on the treated paper. The results of treatment with the prepared mixture solutions also showed their superiority in moisture resistance, which is an important indicator in overcoming paper porosity and maintaining the plasticity of the cellulosic material, and in improving the mechanical and physical properties. This is considered an effective means of preserving paper files and documents from damage. Laboratory specifications for this polymer mixture were prepared, and their results were discussed.

14:00-15:00 Session 4

Chair: Auday Shaban

14:00	Khulood Shanan and Haider Mj. Haider Studying the Partial Substitution of Pb instead of Bi-O on Electrical Properties of the BBCCO system ABSTRACT. Abstract: This study investigates the effect of chemical substitution on the physical properties of the superconducting ceramic composite Bi₂₋ₓPbₓBaCa₁.₈₅Sb₀.₁₅Cu₃O₁₀₊δ with varying amounts of lead substitution (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4). The main objective is to optimize the substitution conditions to enhance the structural and electrical properties of the composite and obtain the maximum superconducting transition temperature (high temperature). The samples were produced by the solid-state reaction (SSR) method under controlled conditions to facilitate gradual atomic diffusion. The four-probe technique was used to investigate the electrical resistivity as a function of temperature, facilitating the calculation of the critical transition temperatures (Tc) and energy gap (Eg) values for different substitution levels. The results show that all samples exhibit superconducting (metallic) properties at 780 °C. In comparison the best and most optimal sample was identified using the SSR method, and under optimal conditions compared to the samples with substitution (x = 0.4), it had the highest critical transition temperature (Tc = 121.8 K), the highest energy gap (Eg = 0.035192588 eV), the lowest bandwidth ΔT(K) = 1.2, and the highest hole concentration P(Hole) = 0.16. These changes reflect the improved superconducting properties upon substitution of lead at the sample (x = 0.4), making this composition ideal for high critical temperature applications.
14:12	Mosbah Kiwan, Cathy Castelain and Teodor Burghelea Enhancing Mixing Performance of Inline Mixers Under Laminar Flow Conditions ABSTRACT. Efficient mixing of viscous Newtonian fluids remains a critical challenge in the development of compact and sustainable process systems. This study examines experimentally laminar chaotic mixing in an inline mixer using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) to characterize scalar transport. Instantaneous fluorescence images are processed into spacetime diagrams, which capture the evolution of concentration fields along the flow direction across time. From these diagrams, we extract the rate of concentration fluctuations as a quantitative measure of local mixing intensity. By systematically varying the mixing protocol, we construct spatial maps of mixing efficiency across a range of operating conditions. The results reveal clear trends in mixing performance as a function of flow parameters and offer quantitative benchmarks for mixer optimization. This work provides new insights into scalar transport in viscous laminar flows and supports the energy-efficient design of continuous mixing systems for sustainable processing applications.
14:24	Saad Nafea, Fatima Aljuboory and Khalid Mahdi Deamination of Mineral elements in some Iraqi and imported wheat and flour samples by XRF ABSTRACT. Flour and wheat are considered important food items that people eat daily, especially for Iraqis, as no meal is devoid of bread or flatbread. Therefore, in this work, mineral concentrations were calculated and the daily intake of every 100 grams of minerals was estimated (minerals are one of the basic elements in nutrition). Seven flour samples collected, three local and four imported, in addition to three samples of local wheat. The results indicated that the major elements in these samples were Mg, Si, P, S, Cl, K, and calcium, and the minor elements were Al, Ti, Mn, Fe, Zn, Br, Sn, Ba, Ta, Te, Sr, and Cu. As for the trace elements, they were V, Cr, Co, Ni, Sb, Ga, Rb, Pb, Y, Mo, Ag, Cd, Cs, La, W, Nb, I, Ce, Zr, and Th. As for the ultra-trace elements, they were As, Se, Hf, Ge, Hg, Tl, Bi, and U. It was found that most of the concentrations could be less, close to, or more than the RDA values. Registered by some countries and international scientific organizations, for example, the concentration of Mg was as a maximum of 0.678 in sample 5, and as a minimum of 0.137 in sample 10. The daily intake can be estimated for every 100 grams according to what the person eats daily, at a rate of one to three loaves, i.e. between 125 and 375 grams. When compared with the RDA values of some countries such as the United States of America, Canada, India, European countries, and some scientific institutions such as the World Health Organization, the results for the concentrations of some elements may be more, less, or close to it. This depends on the human need according to their environmental conditions.
14:36	Bilal Al-Mahdawi, Hadi Al-Agealy and Ismaeel Al-Baidhany A Theoretical Calculation of Thermal Photonic Rate Resulting from Quark-Gluon Collisions ABSTRACT. In this paper, the thermal photon rate generated by the interaction between a charm quark beam and a gluon in cg→ugγ plasma is studied using a computational approach. The quantum chromodynamics theory of quark-gluon collisions is used to investigate thermal photon emission. In the theoretical computational approach, quark charge flavour quantum number, strength coupling and thermal photon rate are calculated considering critical energy Tc=160 MeV, thermal energy (200-600) MeV, quark and gluon annihilation, photon energy in the range (0.75-10.25) GeV parameter to calibrate and study the photon rate spectrum. Calculation of the thermal photon rate produced by cg→ugγ from the QGP material consisting of quark-gluon plasma. It was found that in collisions it increases with increasing thermal energy, decreasing coupling strength and decreasing photon energy. The thermal photon rate in cg→ugγ increases slightly to a large at photon energyE≤2 GeV and reach to maximum at E=0.75 GeV compared to reaching a small at energyE≫5 GeV and reaching a minimum at energy=10.25 GeV in cg→ugγ systems
14:48	Shamam Abdul-Razak and Hameed Abduljabbar A Comprehensive Remote Sensing Analysis of the Land Cover Dynamics Surrounding Lake Hamrin ABSTRACT. The land cover study conducted in the Lake Hamrin area of Diyala Governorate, Iraq, significantly contributes to our understanding of environmental changes and their implications for the region's ecological equilibrium. This research utilized three satellite images from 2019, 2022, and 2024, with approximately two-year intervals between each assessment. The images were acquired via the Landsat 8 and 9 OLI satellite data provided by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). The study focused on the area within the path 168 and row 36, and the data analysis was performed using ENVI version 5.3. In this study, training samples were systematically collected to identify various land cover components, with field visits conducted to enhance the reliability of our findings. We assessed the ability to distinguish between subclasses using the Jeffreys-Matusita scale. Notably, the lowest value recorded across all studied years was 1.93, highlighting the presence of spectral overlaps that may have influenced the accuracy of the spatial analysis. The maximum likelihood algorithm was employed to conduct a comprehensive land cover analysis, specifically focusing on changes in water mass attributed to environmental and political factors. The overall classification accuracy was calculated using the maximum likelihood method to assess whether lake water mass area alterations significantly impacted other land cover classes. Certain classes exhibited limited stability due to various environmental and human influences, while others were affected by spectral interference and diminished spatial accuracy. The study thoroughly analyzed changes in land cover components and their effects on the ecological balance of the region, specifically regarding alterations in the lake's water mass. The findings revealed significant variations in the area of water bodies over the selected time frame, along with fluctuations in water levels. These changes have notably impacted various taxonomic classes within the region, emphasizing the interconnectedness of these environmental factors.

15:00-16:00 Session 5

Chair: Anzhelika Karaeva

15:00	Ali Hameed, Manar Najim and Akram Jabur Electrospun Polycaprolactone/ Polyethylene Oxide Blends with Optimal Conditions for Scaffold Application ABSTRACT. This study investigates the fabrication and characterization of electrospun scaffolds made from varying proportions of polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyethylene oxide (PEO). The study explains how electrospinning parameters (polymer concentration and voltage) affect the chemical and physical features of PCL/PEO blends. The optimum conditions and concentrations for these blends are found to be suitable for medical applications as scaffolds or drug delivery systems. The mixture of PCL and PEO was dissolved in chloroform to create homogeneous solutions. The electrospinning technique was used to fabricate fibrous mats, which were analyzed for their physical and chemical characteristics. The wettability of the fibrous mat surfaces was assessed using the contact angle. The study found that increasing PEO concentration to 3% in the blend specimen electrospun at 25 KV voltage enhanced membrane wettability and produced more homogeneous fibrous structures, facilitating the creation of biocompatible materials for soft tissue regeneration. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) results showed that the strength of the PCL characteristic peaks got weaker as the PEO concentrations increased.
15:12	Iman M. Kadhim and Bahjat B. Kadhim Simulation of Physical Docking of Doxorubicin and 18F-FDG with Carcinogenic Progesterone in Breast Cells ABSTRACT. In this study, it was used Gaussian 16, which relies on density function theory (DFT), to look at a system that includes Doxorubicin, 18F-FDG medical dye and breast cancer etiology. The computations looked at various electronic characteristics, including the energies of HOMO and LUMO, the energy gap (Eg), and other electronic properties like ionization energy, electron affinity, chemical hardness, and electrophilic index. They also included detailed thermodynamic properties (ΔG, ΔH and ΔS) and energetic properties, such as binding energy, deformation energy, and interaction energy. The results show that when the 18F-FDG dye docks with Doxorubicin in cancer cells examination, it led to enhances Gibbs free energy ( 0.649 eV) and lowers interaction energy (-13.3204 eV), while keeping the molecules in stable, which supports the idea of developing a targeted treatment that is both effective and safe at the molecular level. The results show that Doxorubicin works well with heat treatment when docking with 18F-FDG for breast cancer etiology, as it has stable free energy (0.732 eV), moderate heat changes, and a good heat spread, which means it's a suitable option for therapy.
15:24	Bayda Kalaf and Shahad Kareem Taher Estimating the Survival Function of Mixture Komal Distribution Using a New Hybrid Metaheuristic Algorithm ABSTRACT. This paper introduces a new mixture of the Komal distribution with a single parameter β. It derives key statistical properties, such as survival function, probability density function, hazard function, and cumulative distribution function. In addition, the study proposes a new hybrid algorithm (PSOMO) by combining the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm with the Monkey (MO) algorithm to estimate the survival function based on the two distribution parameters. The simulation was used to compare the performance of the proposed algorithm with the standard algorithm (PSO and MO). The results showed that the proposed algorithm (PSOMO) achieves near perfect accuracy under simulated conditions for the survival function while achieving a lower mean square error than other estimation methods.
15:36	Omar Abdul Q. and Sameera A. E. Evaluation of uranium levels in dental Glass ionomer luting cement using neutron activation analysis technology ABSTRACT. Abstract. In this practical laboratory study, the aim was to evaluate and measure the levels of uranium present in glass ionomer cement used in restorative dentistry, utilizing the neutron activation analysis technique. This material contains the naturally occurring heavy element uranium-238 as an impurity, just like other restorative dental materials such as zirconia, amalgam, and acrylic. These heavy elements were an essential part of the manufacturing process in the past, but were banned in the early 1980s. Studies continue to prove the presence of very small parts included in their raw materials. The importance of this research lies in determining the extent of exposure of patients and dentists to the radiation emitted by them. Although the expected levels are low, long-term accumulation and exposure to higher levels may have potential health effects. The technique we used is neutron activation analysis, which we chose because it is highly sensitive and accurate for determining uranium concentrations, equivalent and absorbed doses, and hazard index in ten samples of glass ionomer cement. Which we collected from different places in Iraq and explained in the research where we exposed them to a beam of fast neutrons in a neutron generator based on the reaction of (241Am - 9Be) with an effectiveness of 12 Ci and a neutron flux of 105 n.cm-2 and then monitored the alpha particles that are released from the uranium through the CR-39 solid trace detector using an optical microscope and we determined the concentrations accurately. The results showed varying levels of uranium in the samples, and they were all within the acceptable limits. The highest concentration we obtained was 0.3435 mSv/y, which is certainly less than the permissible level approved by the International Atomic Energy Agency, which is 1mSv/y.Our research will contribute to increasing awareness about the presence of uranium in restorative dental materials, and we hope that this research now provides a scientific basis for making future decisions regarding the safety of materials used in dentistry and developing alternatives that contain lower levels of uranium.
15:48	Raiq Al-Nima and Mahmood Ahmood Study of the Structural and Thermal Properties of Aluminum-Copper-Zinc Alloys ABSTRACT. Phase Change Materials (PCMs) are gaining increasing importance in energy storage systems due to their high energy storage densities. These materials store energy by exploiting the latent heat of fusion or vaporization during phase transitions. Optimizing the crystal structure and microstructure of these materials enhances their thermal stability. This paper addresses an important thermodynamic aspect, namely the Specific Heat Capacity (SHC), of aluminum alloys widely used in industry. Various applications (from heat treatment to corrosive materials) demonstrate that SHC (as an intensive property) or SHC (as an extended property) is a fundamental concept in thermodynamics and of great importance in practical applications. In this research, a set of ternary alloys, Al90Cu10-xZnx, with different elemental concentrations Zn (x=0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10), were fabricated by pouring the molten material into specially designed molds. The structural and thermal properties of the samples were studied and it was found that these properties are affected by the partial replacement of Copper with Zinc.

16:00-17:00 Session 6

Chair: Hajej Zied

16:00	Mohammed A. Ibrahim, Ahmed Fadhil Mkhaiber and Duaa Abed Salim Investigation of the fast neutron shielding properties of glass- unsaturated polyester composites ABSTRACT. The main principle of radiation protection is to limit radiation exposure or reduce the value of this exposure as much as possible. One of the most important means used to reduce the value of radiation exposure is the use of radiation shield, which are used to contain radioactive sources or create radiation barriers. The design and selection of appropriate materials for radiation shields depend on the type of radiation and its energy. The current work aims to study the fast neutron shielding using unsaturated polyester composite reinforced with glass. Shielding against fast neutrons remains a critical challenge in radiation protection due to their high power and the inefficiency of conventional materials (e.g., concrete, lead) at manageable weights. Polymer-glass composites emerge as a promising solution, combining the lightweight flexibility of unsaturated polyester with the neutron moderation and absorption capabilities of glass reinforcement. Fast neutron shields were manufactured using unsaturated polyester as a base material with different concentrations of ordinary glass and boron-reinforced glass as reinforcement materials with different concentrations (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%) and a thickness of 1 cm. For this purpose, the Am-Be neutron source with a neutron flux of 3x105(n/cm2.s) was used. Some shielding properties such as the macroscopic cross-section, half-thickness and mean free path were measured to determine the efficiency of the manufactured shields. The results showed that with increasing the concentration of the reinforcement material, the macroscopic cross-section values increased while the half-thickness and mean free path values decreased. The results also showed that boron-reinforced glass exhibits better shielding properties than ordinary glass due to its content of boron, which is a good neutron absorber.
16:12	Hayjaa M. Sadeq and Tabarak A. Alwan Multifunctional Polymer Nanocomposites Reinforced with Bio-Modified Gold and Laponite Nanoparticles: A Study on Structural and Antibacterial Performance ABSTRACT. This study investigates the effects of bioengineered nanoparticles, specifically gold and laponite, Regarding the effect of nanoparticles on thermal behavior, mechanical strength, and antimicrobial effectiveness of polymers. Gold and laponite nanoparticles were synthesized and incorporated into polymer matrices at a concentration of 1% to evaluate their performance improvements. To study the interaction between nanoparticles and Escherichia coli, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used, revealing significant adhesion, membrane damage, and bacterial structural deformation, particularly in the presence of gold nanoparticles. Mechanical testing demonstrated a significant increase in tensile strength from 35.3 MPa (pure polymer) to 42.7 MPa and 47.9 MPa with gold and laponite nanoparticles, respectively. Similarly, thermal decomposition temperatures improved from 265.2°C in the control group to 282.6°C and 294.4°C for the gold-Laponite-reinforced composites. Statistical analysis using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson's correlation coefficient confirmed that these improvements were significant and positively correlated with the incorporation of the nanoparticles. The results support the multifunctional role of gold and Laponite nanoparticles in improving polymer nanocomposites, indicating their promising applications in biomedical and industrial materials that require structural integrity and antibacterial function.
16:24	Mostafa M. Abdelmalek, Hatem Mahmoud and Hassan Shokry Nitrogen Dioxide Concentration Forecasting Based on Machine Learning Algorithms: New Borg El Arab City, Alexandria, Egypt as a Case Study ABSTRACT. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a significant air pollutant primarily emitted from traffic and industrial activities, posing health risks. Accurate predictions of urban NO2 concentrations are essential for effectively controlling air pollution. In this study, we focus on forecasting NO2 levels in New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, Egypt — a rapidly developing industrial area — to enhance air quality management and urban planning. This research employs comparative analysis of three machine learning (ML) models, including Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machines (SVM). Hourly datasets were collected from the New Borg El-Arab City Weather Station and an IoT-based air quality monitoring system with Arduino from 2nd January 2021 to 30th May 2021. While Key environmental and meteorological variables, such as Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5), Temperature (T), Relative Humidity (RH), and Wind Direction (WD), were collected, only four variables were selected to forecast NO2 concentration based on their higher correlation with NO2 as determined using Correlation Matrix. The study employed R2, RMSE, MAE, and MSE as evaluation metrics to assess the model's performance, ensuring robust comparisons. The findings indicate that ANN, RF, and SVM achieved a high accuracy, exceeding 91% for NO2 prediction. The comparative analysis revealed that the ANN surpassed the other ML models with an RMSE of .7350 during training and 1.2281 for testing. This study contributes to the ongoing efforts to achieve sustainable urban development and improve public health outcomes in Egypt.
16:36	Ghada Mahdi, Assel Abdul Majeed and Randa Husain Atmospheric Plasma Jet-Assisted Synthesis of CuO Nanofluids: Insights into Structural and Optical Properties ABSTRACT. Abstract. This study presents the fabrication of CuO nanoparticles through the use of atmospheric plasma jet technology. The prepared synthesized CuO nanoparticles were analyzed by multiple characterization analyzations, like X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) moreover UV-Vis spectroscopy. XRD results showed the absence of additional peaks associated with secondary phases, confirming the high purity of the CuO nanoparticles. Besides, the CuO NPs synthesized with high purity that assured by EDX analysis. SEM analysis was used to examine the surface morphology, revealing a high degree of nanoparticle agglomeration. The energy bandgap was 4 eV for CuO Nanoparticles. The current–voltage analysis indicated that the solar cell achieved a power conversion efficiency of 0.031%, with a fill factor of 18.46%.
16:48	Dhuha Al Jubouri Antibacterial, Antivirulant and Antioxidant Activities of Photosynthesized Selenium Nanoparticles Against Escherichia coli Isolates ABSTRACT. Abstract. In the present study, we investigate the antibacterial, antiinvariant and antioxidant activities of photosynthesized selenium nanoparticles against 50 bacterial isolates were obtained, belonging to E. coli, representing (33.3%), out of (150) samples, distributed among 30 isolates (60%) from urinary tract infections, 15 isolates (30%) from wounds and 5 isolates (10%) from burns. The results of antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that there was variation in susceptibility of E. coli isolates to the antimicrobials used. The Antimicrobial Activity of MC-SeNPs on different E. coli Isolates by Resazurin-based 96-well plate microdilution method showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MC-SeNPs was between (1250- 312.5µg/ml). The effect of the MC-SeNPs on the biofilm formation using SUB-MIC 1 show that the highest percentage of inhibition for the isolates forming strong biofilms was 85%, and the minimum was 7.8%. The highest percentage of inhibition on the isolates forming moderate biofilms was 57%, and the minimum was 44%. Finally, the highest percentage of inhibition for weak biofilm formation was 71%, and the minimum was 39%. The results of Antioxidant Activity showed that % DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity increase with increase the concentration of Myrtus communis L. leaf extract, MC-SeNPs and AA. To assess the potency of Photosynthesized MC-SeNPs at hemolyzing RBC, in vitro hemolytic activity was measured in a dose-dependent manner. Even at higher doses, the Photosynthesized MC-SeNPs were observed to have the least hemolytic effect, thereby indicating low toxicity. We conclude from the current study that MC-SeNPs are characterized by their antimicrobial, ant virulence, and antioxidant properties, as well as have low toxicity which allows for a wide range of medical, industrial, and environmental applications.

17:00-18:00 Session 7

Chair: Milidin Bakalli

17:00	Ahmed Safi and Sabah Jalal Fathi Electrical and Structural Characteristics of the Sol-Gel-Prepared HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ Superconductor at Various Sintering Temperatures ABSTRACT. Abstract: In this study, high-temperature superconducting samples of HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ (Hg-1223) were synthesized using the Sol-Gel method and sintered at three different temperatures: 800°C, 825°C, and 850°C. Structural characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of the desired Hg-1223 phase, with varying degrees of phase purity depending on the sintering temperature. Lattice parameters, phase ratios, and crystallite sizes were calculated and correlated with the processing conditions. Surface morphology examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at 5 μm magnification revealed clear grain growth and increased densification with rising sintering temperatures. The microstructural evolution contributed significantly to the electrical behavior of the samples. Electrical resistivity measurements as a function of temperature showed superconducting transitions in all samples with a constant onset critical temperature (Tc(onset) ≈ 171.3 K). The sample sintered at 850°C exhibited the sharpest transition (ΔTc ≈ 37.3 K), indicating improved homogeneity and stronger intergranular connectivity. All samples displayed comparable energy gap values (~0.026 eV), confirming the superconducting nature of the Hg-1223 phase. Overall, the results demonstrate that the Sol-Gel method is an effective route for producing high-quality Hg-based superconductors. The sample processed at 850°C achieved the best combination of structural integrity, phase purity, and superconducting performance, making it a promising candidate for future applications in high-temperature superconducting technologies
17:12	Mather Ahmed Hussein and Alaa Emad Tawfiq Evaluation of Parasitic Contamination Loaded by American Cockroach Collected from Hospitals in Dhuluiya, Salah Al-Din Province, Iraq; Implication Health Risk ABSTRACT. The abundance of cockroaches in hospital environments, particularly in sewage systems, makes them potential human health risk factors through the transmission of various pathogens. This study evaluates the parasitic contamination carried by American cockroaches collected from the sewage systems in hospitals in Dhuluiya, Salah Al-Din Province, Iraq. A total of 37 American cockroaches were collected from sewage systems, and both internal and external parasites were isolated between October 2024 and March 2025. The parasites were identified microscopically using Lugol's iodine dye. The results revealed the presence of 14 different parasite species, with Nyctothyrous ovalis being the most prevalent gut flora. Other dangerous types, such as Strongyloides stercoralis and Enterobius vermicularis, were also identified. Additional pathogenic parasites included Ancylostoma duodenale, Trichomonas hominis, Entamoeba histolytica, Dipylidium spp., and Fasciola hepatica. This study suggests that the sewage systems in local hospitals in Salah Al-Din Province, Iraq, act as a source of medically important parasites.
17:24	Fatima Hussein and Sabah Fathi Effect of Preparation Parameters on the Structural and Superconducting Phase Properties of Bi₂Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O₈₊δ at High Temperatures ABSTRACT. This study investigates the influence of annealing temperature on the structural, morphological, and superconducting properties of the high-temperature superconductor Bi₂Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O₈₊δ (Bi-2223) synthesized via the solid-state reaction method. Pure oxides and nitrates were mixed, calcined, and annealed at 650°C, 750°C, and 850°C in an oxygen-rich atmosphere. XRD analysis revealed that the Bi-2223 phase purity significantly increased with temperature, reaching 85% at 850°C, accompanied by the highest c/a ratio (6.9) and largest crystallite size (62.3 nm). Electrical measurements showed that the 850°C sample exhibited the highest onset critical temperature (113.8 K) and the narrowest transition width (ΔTc = 4.2 K), with optimal hole concentration (p = 0.1388). SEM observations confirmed improved grain connectivity and reduced porosity at higher temperatures. At the same time, AFM analysis demonstrated a decrease in surface roughness from 9.8 nm at 650°C to 3.2 nm at 850°C, indicating enhanced surface homogeneity. The results confirm that annealing at 850°C optimizes phase formation, crystallinity, and microstructural uniformity, thereby improving superconducting performance. This study highlights the critical role of thermal treatment in tailoring the physical properties of Bi-based superconductors, providing a clear pathway for achieving high phase purity and superior superconducting characteristics suitable for advanced technological applications.
17:36	Ayaat A. Kattan and Noor A. Saeed Nanostructured Electrodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Butler-Volmer and Fick’s Diffusion Equations ABSTRACT. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are central to modern energy storage technologies, powering applications from portable electronics to electric vehicles and renewable energy systems. However, conventional electrode designs and modeling approaches fall short in addressing persistent limitations in energy density, ion transport, and charge transfer efficiency. To overcome these challenges, this study proposes an advanced mathematical model based on the Butler-Volmer and Fick’s diffusion equations, aimed at evaluating the impact of nanostructured electrodes on charging behavior. The model is simulated using MATLAB to analyze ion diffusion dynamics and electrochemical kinetics under varying electrode-to-efficiency ratios. Results show that increasing this ratio from 1 to 5 leads to a 33% improvement in charging current density, while maintaining a rapid charging time of 10 milliseconds and highly stable current output with a maximum fluctuation of only 0.038%. These findings highlight the potential of nanostructured electrodes to significantly enhance the performance and efficiency of Li-ion batteries. The study underscores their commercial viability and relevance in accelerating the transition toward sustainable energy systems.
17:48	Riyam Fadil, Salma Bassem Abdel Abbas, Amel D. Hussein and Kareem Ali Jasim Enhancing Packaging Performance: A Thermal Study of Structural and Dielectric Behavior in Transparent Nylon ABSTRACT. In this paper, structural properties of transparent nylon samples are investigated using (XRD) analysis. Four samples were examined at varying preparation temperatures: 130°C, 150°C, 170°C, and 190°C. The crystallite size was calculated using two methods: Williamson-Hall and Halder-Wagner. Best Crystallite Size: The highest crystallite size was D = 158.879 Å, obtained using the Halder-Wagner method. Dislocation Density: The lowest dislocation density was 3.96153 × 10⁻⁵ lines/Å², observed in the sample prepared at 190°C using the Halder-Wagner method. This result corresponds to a slope of 0.68524 with an error margin of ± 0.15252. Crystallinity: The highest crystallinity recorded was 95.589%, indicating a highly ordered atomic arrangement. Peak Broadening (FWHM): The sample prepared at 150°C showed the highest average Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) of 0.26639 radians, suggesting greater peak broadening. This broadening typically indicates fewer impurities and a high degree of crystalline order. Purity and Preparation Quality: The results suggest that the sample with broader peaks (150°C) has fewer impurities and better crystalline uniformity, reflecting high preparation quality. Peak Area Analysis: For the sample at 130°C, the total peak area was 6526.84, with 6238.96 attributed to crystalline peaks.

PROGRAM FOR TUESDAY, OCTOBER 30TH

08:00-09:00 Session 8

Chairs: Alyaa Abbas-Fadhil and Adawiya Haider

08:00	Amal Jabbar Hatem, Hameed Majeed Abduljabbar, Taghreed Abdul Hameed Naji and Shahad Qader Abdul-Hameed Evaluate the variation of (Ver. 1 & 3) ASTER Global DEM Datasets for the Sanam Mountain - Iraq ABSTRACT. The most important geomorphological systems are determining elevations and contour maps of land features. In this research, two satellite scene versions of ASTER GDEM (1 and 3) were adopted, to study the relief and geomorphological statistics of Sanam Mountain in Basra province. The study showed through comparison of the shading shapes of Sanam mountain for both ASTER GDIM versions and Sentinel-2 satellite image, that the surface relief of the ASTER GDEM Ver. 1 is close to the real scene of the mountain, while the boundary and recorded elevation for the highest peak was better represented by Ver. 3., where was closer to the real elevation of field measurements.
08:12	Amel Abbas and Widad Jassim The Effect of Beetroot Peel Fibers Particle Size on Physical, Mechanical and Structural Properties of the Natural Composite ABSTRACT. Beetroot peels (BR) fibers have been employed as a natural reinforcement for Unsaturated Polyester (UPE) due to their low cost, biodegradability characteristics and eco-friendliness. Beetroot peels particulates of about (180 and 75 µm) sieve siz, of different weight percentage (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wt.% % ) were used as fillers in a (UPE) matrix. The effect of the beetroot particle size on physical, mechanical and structural properties of the final natural composite. The mechanical properties, such as hardness and impact strength, was investigated. The results of the physical tests show that the density of (UPE/ 180 MBR) composite increases by increasing weight percentage of beetroot peels powder, but by using the beetroot peels with the particle size (75 microns) , the density of (UPE/ 75 MBR) has decreased by increasing weight percentage of beetroot peels powder. The thermal conductivity values of (UPE/ MBR) composites were increased by increasing the weight percentage of beetroot peels powder. The thermal conductivity values of (UPE/ 180 MBR) composites have higher values, by compared with the thermal conductivity values of (UPE/ 75 MBR) composites. The results showed that the best mechanical properties were get by adding (2 Wt.% ) to the (UPE)matrix using (180 MBR) and at ( 4 Wt.% ) by adding the ( 75 MBR) . The techniques (EDS) and (SEM) were used to investigate the chemical compositions and the homogeneity degree of both (UPE/ 180 MBR) and (UPE/ 75 MBR) composites, respectively.
08:24	Amel Abbas and Widad J Assim Study the Physical, Mechanical and Structural Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Reinforced by Lemon Peels ABSTRACT. Lemon peel fibers with micro particle size (MLP) have been used as an eco-friendly plant reinforcement for Unsaturated Polyester (UPE) . Unsaturated polyester was loaded by Lemon peel particles of two different particle sizes (180 and 75 microns) and with different weight percentages (1 - 5 %) to fabricate yellow gelcoat with good properties. The effect of both the size and weight percentage of lemon peel fibers on physical properties (density and thermal conductivity), mechanical properties (hardness and impact strength) and structural properties such as energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM) on unsaturated polyester composites has been investigated. The results show that the density of both (UPE/ 180 MLP) and (UPE/ 75 MLP) composites increases by increasing weight percentage of Lemon peel fibers. The unsaturated reinforced by (4% wt ) of lemon peels fibers with particle size ( 75 microns) has higher thermal conductivity value (0.327 watt/ m.c ) compared with the thermal conductivity value ( 0.248Watt/ m.c) for the unsaturated polyester reinforced by (4% wt ) of lemon peels fibers with particle size (180 microns) .The (UPE/ 2% 180 MBR) and (UPE/ 4% 75 MBR) composites shows the best hardness and impact strength values. The techniques (EDS) and (SEM) were used to determine the chemical compositions and the homogeneity degree of the two unsaturated polyester composites, respectively.
08:36	Elaf G. Nafi and Saba Zeki Al-Abachi Evaluation of Preptin Hormone Levels as a Biomarker for Osteoporosis and Its Association with Risk Factors in Mosul City ABSTRACT. Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease that leads to reduced bone mass and increased fracture risk, especially in postmenopausal women. Often developing silently, it is usually diagnosed only after fractures occur. Preptin, a peptide co-secreted with insulin, has recently been identified as a potential biomarker for bone health. This study aimed to measure preptin levels in the serum of osteoporosis patients in Mosul and explore risk factors such as age, sex, marital status, vitamin D3 and calcium deficiencies, and oxidative stress markers. The study included 100 newly diagnosed patients (75 women, 25 men) and matched healthy controls. Preptin levels were measured using ELISA, and additional biochemical markers like calcium, vitamin D3, glutathione, malondialdehyde, and oxidative stress indicators were assessed. The results showed significantly lower preptin levels in osteoporosis patients, particularly in women, with associations to vitamin D3 and calcium deficiencies. This suggests preptin could be an important early biomarker for osteoporosis.
08:48	Muqdad N. Al-Hamdni, Abdullah I. M. Alabdullah and Khalid Q. Kheder Comprehensive Evaluation and Comparison of Hemispherical Energy Analyzer Components for Enhanced Electron Spectroscopy Systems ABSTRACT. This study offers an in-depth evaluation of hemispherical energy analyzers (HEAs), with a particular focus on key components such as electron sources, lens systems, electrostatic mirrors, and detectors. Based on a review of 179 research papers, 47 significant studies were identified, highlighting advancements and challenges in HEA design. Key findings emphasize the role of advanced electron sources, including Schottky emitters and transition-edge sensors (TES), in improving energy resolution and emission stability. The analysis also underscores the effectiveness of multipole and paracentric lens systems in enhancing electron beam focusing and energy dispersion. However, challenges persist in optimizing the integration of these components, particularly regarding electrostatic field interactions. The study concludes that further innovation is needed in structural design to achieve optimal balance in compactness, stability, and functionality, especially for space applications, while addressing limitations in detector sensitivity and energy resolution.

09:00-10:00 Session 9

Chair:

Ramona Giurea

09:00	Hiba Resen, Wafaa Mahood and Asmaa Salih Almohaidi Explore Risk Factors Role in Developing Iraqi Females' Infertility ABSTRACT. Infertility is a public health issue, affecting 10–15% of Iraqi women of reproductive age. This review summarizes major risk factors contributing to female infertility in Iraq, with emphasis on local evidence. Key factors include polycystic ovary syndrome (21–53%), tubal disorders (3–61%), ovulatory dysfunction (8–56%), obesity, and pelvic infections. Endocrine abnormalities such as hyperprolactinemia (~6%) and thyroid dysfunction (0.7–4%) were also identified. Regional differences reflect disparities in healthcare access, lifestyle, and exposure to infectious diseases. Infertility in Iraq is a multifactorial condition influenced by lifestyle, endocrine, structural, and infectious causes. Effective management requires a multidisciplinary approach, including lifestyle modification, infection control, and early diagnostic services. Future Iraqi studies should investigate molecular and genetic pathways to improve prevention and treatment.
09:12	Nibras Mahmood and Mohamed Dhahir Superior Hydrogen Energy Conversion Efficiency by UV Visible Light-Driven Efficient TOC Removal in Refinery Wastewater PRESENTER: Nibras Mahmood ABSTRACT. Abstract: The generation of hydrogen (H2) by semiconductor-based photocatalysis is seen as cost-effective and environmentally advantageous. Nevertheless, insufficient photon absorption and rapid recombination of photon-induced charge (e-/h+) pairs significantly hinder the practical application of this method for hydrogen production. This research aimed to produce hydrogen (H2) while removing contaminants from refinery wastewater by photocatalytic oxidation augmented by laser stimulation, concentrating on the creation of two photoanodes for Total Organic Carbon (TOC) reduction in refinery wastewater. The exploitation of the band gap between two substrates to improve the absorption of rutile TiO2/α-Fe2O3 photocatalysts in the UV and visible spectra resulted in a significant enhancement in TOC removal rates, reaching 96%. The hydrogen generation rate was 7960 μmol/L, and the solar-to-hydrogen (STH) efficiency for hydrogen production was 86.92% for pollutant removal, observed under optimal reaction conditions of pH 3, 40C°, a reaction duration of 50 minutes, and a catalyst dosage of 0.4 mg/Lcm², illuminated by a combination of (473+532+632) nm laser and UV source. This study illustrates that rutile TiO2/α-Fe2O3 catalysts serve as innovative photoanodes for effective total organic carbon (TOC) removal and green hydrogen production using photoelectrochemical (PEC) processes, representing the most environmentally sustainable option. possessing considerable potential for advancement in particular applications for refinery wastewater treatment.
09:24	Zainab Assif Abdullah and Ayad Salih Influence of Selenium on physical properties of ZnTe thin films ABSTRACT. Abstract: ZnTe1-xSex (ZTS) semiconductor thin films at various contents (x = 0.0, 0.1, and 0.2) are deposited on glass substrates kept at room temperature by the thermal evaporation technique with a thickness of 500 nm. This study examines the effects of varying the Se content on the variables influencing ZTS thin-film solar cell properties. XRD analysis reveals that the ZTS thin films' structure is cubic and polycrystalline, with a preferred orientation of (111) at 2θ ≈ 25.25. The intensities of all the peaks rapidly increase, though they show the same tendencies. The crystallinity of the films becomes higher. Grain and crystalline diameters (from 8.46 to 41.25 nm) both increase as the (x) content rises. Furthermore, AFM was applied to studying the morphology and to estimate the surface roughness of the obtained films. All films were homogeneous and smooth, and the (RMS) roughness of the films increases with increasing (x) content. Consequently, the thin-film crystallite size increases. The optical characteristics of ZTS films were examined using a UV/visible spectrophotometer. These films had a direct gap that shrank as the x content increased, reaching its lowest value of 1.86 eV at x= 0.2. Also, the optical parameters, such as refractive index, were decreased with increasing (x) concentration, which makes them useful in the manufacture of solar cells.
09:36	Daroon Raffik, Amina Ahmed and Abdullah Raoof The Role of Some Biochemical Markers in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy ABSTRACT. Abstract: One of the main causes of end-stage renal disease worldwide is diabetic nephropathy (DN). For prompt intervention and better patient outcomes, early detection of biochemical markers linked to DN pathogenesis is essential. Objectives: the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy was examined in relation to inflammatory indicators (C-reactive protein [CRP], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]), α-Klotho, and glycemic control markers (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], glycated albumin, and ractopamines).. Methods: Between October 2024 and April 2025, a six-month cross-sectional study was carried out at Azadi Teaching Hospital and Kirkuk Teaching Hospital. 360 individuals were carefully split into four groups for the study: 90 patients with diabetes who did not have nephropathy, 90 patients with chronic renal disease (CRD), 90 patients with diabetic nephropathy, and 90 healthy controls. Standardized laboratory procedures were used to analyze biochemical parameters. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), post-hoc testing, correlation analysis, and multivariate regression analysis were all included in the statistical analysis. TNF-α concentrations (204.13±86.17 pg/mL vs. 32.28±13.97 pg/mL, p<0.001) and CRP levels (14.27±4.01 mg/L vs. 4.48±1.58 mg/L, p<0.001) were substantially higher in diabetic patients with nephropathy than in controls. Patients with diabetic nephropathy had significantly lower α-Klotho levels (201.27±81.42 pg/mL compared to 1173.04±271.04 pg/mL in controls, p<0.001). Glycated albumin showed a stronger association with diabetic complications (r=0.78, p<0.001) among glycemic control indicators than ractopamines (r=0.44, p<0.01) and HbA1c (r=0.61, p<0.001). The pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy is significantly influenced by inflammatory indicators and α-Klotho deficiency. Compared to conventional glycemic indicators, glycated albumin seems to be a more sensitive and trustworthy indicator for evaluating glycemic control in individuals with diabetic nephropathy.
09:48	Zinah Mahmood Synthesis, Identification, and Cytotoxic Assay of Some Complexes with Naproxen ABSTRACT. Abstract: The naproxen ligand was employed to build several complexes via its interaction with metal ions (Co(II) and Zn(II)). The structures of these novel compounds were examined in both solid and solution phases utilizing several spectroscopic techniques, including UV-Vis, FTIR, and elemental studies, all performed at ambient temperature. The naproxen complexes coordinate with metal ions through the carbonyl oxygen of their carboxyl groups. The chemical formulae of the produced complexes reveal that the CoL complex has octahedral geometry, whereas the ZnL complex indicates tetrahedral geometry. The MTT assay evaluated the cytotoxicity and viability of MDA231 cell lines following 48 hours of exposure to various doses (400, 200, 100, 50, and 25 µg/ml) of the chemicals. The MTT assay results demonstrated substantial inhibition rates for all ligands and their metal complexes at different dosages, in comparison to cisplatin, which acted as the positive control.

10:00-11:00 Session 10

Chairs:

Olga Shepovalova and Santiago M. Benites

10:00	Alyaa Hamid Ali Jassim, Faten Mohammed Junaid, Alyaa H. Mohammed, Kareem Ali Jassim and Riyam Fadil Study the Effect of Gamma Radiation on Superconducting Properties of the Tl0.9Pb0.5Br2Ca2Cu3O9-δ Compound ABSTRACT. Two samples of the superconducting compound Tl0.9Pb0.5Br2Ca2Cu3O9-δ were prepared by solid-state reactions. One sample was exposed to a Cesium-137 radiation source at a dose of 200 MR to study the electrical and structural properties of the superconducting transition temperature, while the other was left unexposed. The effect of gamma radiation on the electrical (transition temperature and resistivity) and structural properties was studied. The four-probe-technique is used to measure electrical resistivity. The results showed that the normal-state resistivity increased with increasing gamma dose, while the transition temperature decreased with the same gamma dose. It also revealed a decrease in the transition temperatures Tc(off) and Tc(on) from 117 to 112 K and from 133 to 129 K, respectively. The structural properties were studied by using X-ray diffraction XRD, and the results showed no significant change in the diffraction angles or peak widths. The intensity of the XRD peaks of the sample decreased with increasing gamma dose. No significant lattice expansion occurred, although the Tl0.9Pb0.5Br2Ca2Cu3O9-δ superconductor was strongly affected by gamma radiation, as both samples were found to have a tetragonal crystal structure.
10:12	Zainab Abdullah and Ayad Salih Preparation and Study of the Annealing Temperature, Optical and Structural Properties of ZnTe0.8Se0.2 Thin Films ABSTRACT. Abstract: The optical and structural characteristics of ZnTe1-0.2Se0.2 (ZTS) semiconductors are examined using the thermal evaporation process. We analyze 500 nm thickness films and explore the effects of annealing temperatures ranging from RT to 373 and 473K. The optical properties of films were assessed using a wavelength range (400-1000nm). ZnTe0.8Se0.2 semiconductors exhibit direct band gaps of 1.86, 1.81, and 1.78eV, respectively. Included in the computed optical constant are the refractive index and extinction coefficient. XRD and AFM studies demonstrate that films are polycrystalline with a superior stoichiometric composition. One of the preferred orientations of the polycrystalline phase is along the (111) direction. Also, increasing the annealing temperature led to an increase in the crystal and grain size, which contributes to improving the structural properties of the films. Additionally, the energy gap of the annealed films is close to the green color in the visible spectrum, making them suitable for optoelectronic applications.
10:24	Saad Jasim, Shakhawan Beebany and Jawdat Abdulwahid Synthesis, Identification, and Antibacterial Effect Assessment of New Thiazolidinones from Some Imines Bearing Substituted Phenyl Sulphonyl Amides ABSTRACT. A series of new thiazolidinone derivatives (N22-N42) has been prepared from the reaction of some Schiff bases (N1-N21) containing sulfonylamide group with thioglycholic acid in dry benzene. These Schiff bases were synythesized by the condensation reaction of some pharmaceutical compounds with various aldehyde and ketone compounds in absolute ethanol as solvent, using drops of glacial acetic acid as catalyst. The whole synthesized chemical materials have been identified through FT – IR spectroscopy. Structures for some of the newly synthesized chemical materials have been proved by proton magnetic rsonance (1H-NMR) using (DMSO-d6) as a solvent and mass spectroscopy. The thin layer chromatography technique (TLC) has been employed to assess the purity of these final chemical products. The biological activity effect of these chemical products has been studied against certain types of bacteria: gram – positive (Streptococcus pneumonia) and gram – negative (Pseudomonas aerugenosa). Additionally, the anti fungal effect of some chemical products was investigated toward Aspergillus species and the resulte were correlated with fungal Nystatin as control sample. The results were indicated the highest inhibtion zone diameter value for N36, N42 against Streptococcus pneumonia, N34, N36 for Pseudomonas auroginosa and N23, N36, N42 for Aspergillus spp. This is ascribred to the different in the polarity of the new chemical derivatives with each other and standard materials. Hwover, the lowest inhibtion zone diameter value has been observed for N35 in case of Streptococcus pneumonia, N31 for Pseudomonas auroginosa and N35 for Aspergillus spp. The tested chemical compounds revealed a good inhibitory performance against the types of bacteria and the used fungi.
10:36	Alaa Nozad Faeq and Ali I. Salahaldin Performance of R.C. Flat Slabs with Normal and Reactive Powder Concrete Drop Panel ABSTRACT. Previous studies have shown that flat slabs constructed from reactive powder concrete (RPC) exhibit greater punching shear strength compared to those made from normal concrete (NC). However, constructing a complete slab using RPC may not be economically viable. This study aimed to determine the optimal use of RPC in the critical punching shear area, while the rest of the slab remains composed of NC. Four flat slab specimens with dimensions (940×940×60 mm) and drop panels (500×500×30 mm) were tested, with two column sizes (75×75 mm, 125×125 mm) and two types of concrete within the drop panel area (normal concrete and RPC). The slabs were examined under concentric loading to investigate the influence of RPC and column size on punching shear capacity. Results showed that RPC in the drop panel increased punching shear capacity by 109%, with column dimensions significantly affecting shear resistance.
10:48	Banaz Mohammed and Sayran Sttar Saleh Partial Purification of Glutathione –S- Transferase and Study of Kinetic Properties and Some Antioxidants in People with Leukemia ABSTRACT. ABSTRACT: Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) is a multifunctional detoxification enzyme that plays a central role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. Leukemia, a malignant hematological disorder, is often associated with disrupted antioxidant defenses and oxidative stress. During the current work, GST was partially purified from the serum of leukemia patients by employing the ammonium sulfate fractionation (75%), dialysis, and Sephadex G-75 gel filtration. The purification process yielded a final (9.698-fold) increase in purity exhibiting a specific activity of (1.888 U/mg) and (86.75%) recovery, confirming efficient enrichment of the enzyme. Kinetic evaluation revealed optimum activity at pH 6.25, 0.12 M buffer concentration, and 25 °C, suggesting conformational adaptations of GST under leukemic conditions. Antioxidant status was concurrently assessed by quantifying catalase, reduced glutathione, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Leukemia patients exhibited significant reductions in all biomarkers compared with controls: CAT (92.47 ± 12.93 vs 112.78 ± 15.51 mk/L), GSH (10.1 ± 1.33 vs 15.8 ± 2.26 µmol/L), and TAC (196.6 ± 30.81 vs 352.8 ± 52.80 µmol/L). Stratification by disease type indicated that acute leukemia patients had the most profound antioxidant depletion, while chronic patients retained relatively higher levels. Sex- and age-based comparisons revealed additional variability, with females showing lower TAC values than males, and younger ALL patients displaying relatively preserved GSH levels compared with older subtypes. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that GST purification and characterization provide insights into enzyme behavior under leukemic oxidative stress, while the associated antioxidant depletion underscores the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of GST and redox biomarkers in leukemia management.

11:00-12:00 Session 11

Chairs:

Dieudonne Kidmo Kaoga and Kareem Jasim

11:00	Zinah Abdulateef Abbas Abdulateef Abbas and Seham Salman Gas sensing study using tin oxide thin film for hydrogen sulfide gas ABSTRACT. ABSTRACT: Tin (Sn) films with a thickness of 400 nm were prepared by the thermal evaporation method, and the samples were then oxidized at 300 and 400 °C. X-ray diffraction was used to study the crystal structure and phase of the film before and after oxidation. The surface morphology was examined by AFM, and the optical properties were analyzed by spectroscopy in the wavelength range of 200-1100 nm. It was observed that the maximum transmittance was less than 70%, and the energy gap increased with increasing oxidation temperature. The film oxidized at 400 °C was tested for H2S gas sensing when the film was exposed to different temperatures and a fixed concentration (20). It was found that the sensitivity increased with increasing temperature, with the highest sensitivity being 0.806, the response time being 22.5 seconds, and the recovery time being 49.5 seconds at 200 °C.
11:12	Zinah Abdulateef Abbas and Seham Salman Preparation of SnO and SnO₂ Thin Films: Influence of Annealing on Structural, Morphological, and Optical Properties ABSTRACT. ABSTRACT: Tin oxide (SnO/SnO₂) thin films with an average thickness of about 400 nm were fabricated on glass substrates using physical vapor deposition (PVD). To assess the effect of thermal treatment, the deposited films were subsequently annealed at 200 °C and 300 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements revealed the simultaneous presence of tetragonal SnO and orthorhombic SnO₂ phases in all specimens. After annealing, the diffraction peaks became more intense and narrower, reflecting enhanced crystallinity and grain development. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed a marked reduction in root-mean-square (RMS) surface roughness from approximately 9.7 nm in the as-deposited state to about 6.3 nm at 200 °C and 5.4 nm at 300 °C, accompanied by an increase in mean grain size from roughly 49 nm to 67 nm and 62 nm, respectively. UV–visible spectroscopy indicated high optical transparency (>75%) throughout the visible spectrum along with a slight blue shift of the absorption edge. The optical band gap shifted from 2.8 eV (unannealed) to 2.9 eV at 200 °C and remained close to 2.8 eV after annealing at 300 °C. Collectively, these findings confirm that post-deposition annealing improves the crystallinity, surface smoothness, and optoelectronic performance of SnO/SnO₂ thin films, thereby enhancing their suitability for transparent electrodes, optoelectronic components, and gas-sensing applications
11:24	Rawaa Yaseen Taha Yaseen Taha ZIF-4 Superiority for Ozone/Oxygen Separation: Insights from Monte Carlo Simulations ABSTRACT. Abstract. In this work, the researcher used five structures of imidazolate zeolites to separate ozone (O₃) from oxygen (O₂).: ZIF-4 The researcher also used ZIF-8, ZIF-10, ZIF-11 and ZIF-20 to examine the adsorption behavior of ozone, oxygen O3 and O2 in these materials, Monte Carlo simulation was used in this study Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) as well and at a compression of 29010 bar, molecular dynamics (MD) was used, with the highest selectivity of ozone (13.4 compared to oxygen O2) and a tangible adsorption capacity (60.2 mg/g), and as a result after examining the outputs ZIF-4 outperformed the other structures tested. The direct control of the toxicity's absorption capacity through what is known as ZIF-4's enhanced pore engineering, preferential enhancement of ozone (O3) uptake, and its beneficial host-guest interactions is responsible for this improved performance. Using BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) and QCM (Quartz Crystal Microbalance) techniques, empirical verification confirmed all the mathematical predictions, as these results indicated that ZIF-4 is a very suitable material for all ozone separation applications, emphasizing the important role of structural properties in the design of gas separation materials.: Abstract or Use Times New Roman Font: 9 pt, Indent: left 0.2", Right: 0.2", Justified. Each paper must include an abstract. Begin the abstract with the word “Abstract” followed by a period in bold font.
11:36	Renny Nazario-Naveda, Jonathan Rojas-Flores, Santiago M. Benites, Moises Gallozzo-Cardenas and Daniel Delfin-Narciso Use of Natural Extracts on Synthesis of Nanoparticles: A Bibliometric Analysis ABSTRACT. A bibliometric analysis was conducted on the use of natural extracts in nanoparticle synthesis. A total of 1,440 English-language documents indexed in the Scopus database were collected between 2009 and June 2025. The bibliometric analysis shows that the use of natural extracts in nanoparticle synthesis has grown steadily, consolidating it as a very active area of research. The rapid adoption of new techniques and underexplored plant sources has allowed many publications to achieve high impact in a short period of time. India, Iran, and China lead in scientific production, and co-authorship networks reveal diverse but interconnected communities, with key authors such as Maaza, Nasrollahzadeh, and Benelli. The most influential journals include the Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Materials Today: Proceedings, and RSC Advances, and Scientific Reports, characterized by their high impact and track record. Three dominant lines of research have been identified: green synthesis of metal nanoparticles, biomedical applications, especially with antimicrobial and antioxidant approaches, and the use of metal oxides in environmental photocatalysis. Overall, the field demonstrates maturity, dynamism, and clear potential to impact health, the environment, and industry.
11:48	Renny Nazario-Naveda, Santiago M. Benites, Moisés Gallozzo-Cárdenas, Randy Quiroz-Avila, Dennis Cuevas-Vega and Anthony García-Vilca Research Trends on the Use of Nanoparticles in Construction Materials: A Bibliometric Analysis ABSTRACT. This study presents a bibliometric analysis focused on scientific articles and reviews in English on the use of nanoparticles in construction materials, collected from the Scopus database between 2010 and June 2025. The results reveal a dynamic and expanding field of research, with notable growth in scientific production, led mainly by China and India, and with emerging contributions from countries such as Iraq and Iran. The journal Construction and Building Materials is consolidated as the main publication source. Salemi N. and Singh LP. are presented as recognized and important local and global references in the literature, while authors such as Mohammed A.A. and Praveenkumar T.R. stand out for their high impact in the field. The co-occurrence analysis and the conceptual structure reveal a division between fundamental studies of nanomaterials and practical applications in construction materials and their characterization. Research is grouped into four main areas: the study of the physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials, the improvement of material properties through nanoparticles, the development of sustainable materials, and specific applications in the construction industry. Although the field shows signs of maturity, it maintains sustained growth, with a focus on the development of smart and sustainable materials.

13:00-14:00Lunch Break

13:00-14:00 Session 12

Chair:

Auday Shaban

13:00	Shahla Jamal Shakkor Procain as Novel Reagent for Determination of Salbutamol via Oxidative Coupling Reaction : Application to pure and Pharmaceutical Formulations ABSTRACT. Abstract :A Fast ,accurate and sensitive oxidative coupling reaction was developed to measure salbutamol (SAL) either in its pure form or in tablet dosage form by spectrophotometric method. The proposed procedures , specifically rely on coupling of salbutamol with procain (PRO) reagent in the presence of Ferric chloride as an oxidizing agent in an alkaline medium to form a stable, water-soluble yellowish orange complex showing a maximum absorption at 442 nm , Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 2-40 μg/ml, The molar absorptivity and Sandell᾽s sensitivity index values were 6.7246 x 103 L.mol-1.cm-1 and 0.0355 µg /cm2 , with a limit of detection and limit of quantitative of 0.129 and 0.430 µg/ml . The average of recovery was 98.00% , this indicates that the method has high accuracy, with relative standard deviation less than 1%. The proposed method have been used successfully to determine salbutamol in pure and its pharmaceutical preparations (tablets). SEM imaging confirmed the morphological changes of the structures with regular sizes, and clear difference between the blank solution without salbutamol and the sample solution containing it.
13:12	Denis Clodic and Julien Moulin Coal Bed Methane Decarbonization via CO2 Capture and Storage and Blue Methane Production ABSTRACT. Lorraine underground contains deep coal seams that cannot be mined for regulatory and economic reasons. These coal seams contain methane but are also part of a sedimentary basin (Lorraine basin) able to store millions of CO2 tons. To compensate all CO2 emissions related to methane recovery in the deep coal seams, including transport and usages, a Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) is performed to evaluate the CO2 to be captured and stored locally with the objective of reaching decarbonized methane. The CO2 capture process used in this setup is the Cryo Pur CO2 capture process, using only electricity; its related CO2 emissions are included in the Life Cycle Analysis. Decarbonized methane is a fuel of great interest to produce low carbon blue Hydrogen. An analysis is done in terms of energy efficiency and carbon balance for the production of decarbonized methane and blue hydrogen.
13:24	Al-Hawraa Haider Adnan, Jamal N. A. Al-Sadoon and Ahmed A. G. Al-Shammary Physics of Soil Tillage and Mulching Systems: Impact on Soil Temperature, Moisture Retention, and Agricultural Productivity in Arid Regions ABSTRACT. This study investigates the influence of various soil tillage and mulching systems on the growth and physiological traits of yellow corn (Zea mays L.) in arid and semi-arid environments. The experiment was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five tillage treatments and three mulching treatments. Results indicated that conventional tillage systems, especially deep tillage combined with thinning, significantly improved plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, root depth, and dry weight compared to conservation tillage systems. The mulching that was organic yielded better results in terms of soil moisture retention and temperature regulation which in its turn had a positive impact on the plant growth. The deep tillage and organic mulching gave the highest results in most growth parameters. The paper highlights the important role of tillage and mulching in improving the properties of the soil and yield of crops, arid region sustainability in agriculture and also shows how the practices can be advantageous when incorporated in future agriculture systems.
13:36	Amenah Ibrahim and Mohammed Jawad In Vivo Toxicological Assessment of Plant Nanofertilizer Exposure on Red Blood Cells and Platelets ABSTRACT. Abstract. With the rapid development of nanotechnology applications in various fields, including agriculture through the production of nanofertilizers, it has become necessary to assess their safety, particularly upon entry into the bloodstream. This study aims to evaluate the toxicity of a chelated multi-micronutrient nanofertilizer on red blood cells and platelets. Thirty-five rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into five groups (a control group and four experimental groups) orally administered with nanofertilizer at different doses namely, C1 (62.5 mg/kg), C2 (125 mg/kg), C3 (250 mg/kg), and C4 (500 mg/kg) for 15 doses, on alternate days. Results showed a significant decrease in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (38.21 ± 2.09) fL, a significant increase in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (539.71 ± 42.87) g/L, and a significant increase in plateletcrit (PCT) (7.49 ± 1.02) in group C1. As for group C4, the numbers of red blood cells (RBCs), hematocrit (HCT), and MCV are significantly increased (7.90 ± 2.34) 10^12/L, (0.42 ± 0.15), and (52.11 ± 4.46) fL, respectively. In contrast, the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and MCHC are significantly decreased (18.49 ± 1.46) pg, (355.29 ± 16.27) g/L respectively, with a significant decrease in mean platelet volume (MPV) (6.70 ± 0.39) fL. In conclusion, the tested nanofertilizer had adverse effects on red blood cells and platelets, with the most potent effects observed at the highest concentration, followed by the lowest concentration.
13:48	Jonathan R.-F., Renny Nazario-Naveda, Santiago M. Benites, Daniel Delfin-Narciso and Moises Gallozzo Cardenas From biotechnology to sustainable innovation: a bibliometric analysis of microbial electricity generation and its entrepreneurial potential ABSTRACT. This research addresses the need to understand the scientific development and entrepreneurial potential of microbial electricity generation, a technology that converts organic waste into bioelectricity using microbial fuel cells (MFCs) while treating wastewater. Despite its promising dual nature—treatment and electricity production—its degree of maturity and market transfer pathways remained unclear, prompting a bibliometric analysis to map trends, key players, and business opportunities. To this end, a search strategy was designed in the Scopus database (1986–2025) with terms related to microorganisms, energy, conversion, entrepreneurship, and biotechnology, retrieving 215 documents that were filtered, normalized, and exported for analysis. Quantitative methods—annual production, distribution by document type, and citation metrics (citations, h-index)—were combined with mapping tools in VOSviewer: keyword co-occurrence, co-authorship networks, Sankey diagrams, and trend issues. Minimum thresholds were established to focus the maps on the most relevant actors, concepts, and collaborations. The results indicate that 40.2% of the publications are peer-reviewed, 34.1% original articles, 22.4% papers, and 3.3% other formats, with exponential growth in production since 2000. The thematic analysis revealed three main clusters: microbial biotechnology ("bacteria," "metabolism"), applied innovation ("innovation," "bioengineering"), and technical-chemical tools ("chemistry," "biofuel"). The international collaboration network places China, the United States, and India as dominant hubs, and authors such as Singh S. and Zhang W. as leaders. These findings demonstrate the consolidation of the field and open avenues for green ventures, such as the integration of CCMs into water treatment plants and portable power generation devices, providing an empirical basis to guide policies and business models toward a circular bioeconomy.

14:00-15:00 Session 13

Chairs:

Georgios Vokas and Nicolaie Pavel

14:00	Bahjat Kadhim, Marwa Talib Jaleel and Shaymaa A. Jaber Computation of Physical Properties of Perovskite Nano Clusters to Improve Letrozole Impact For Breast Cancer Treatment ABSTRACT. Breast cancer is a type of cancer frequently encountered in women, and there is a need for more efficient and safer therapeutic approaches. Letrozole is an aromatase inhibitor that suppresses the growth of estrogen-dependent tumors, but its metabolic stability at high temperatures may restrict its therapeutic activity. In the present theoretical work, based on quantum calculations using the Gaussian software package, we examine the thermodynamic properties of the letrostructure alone and in combination with lead-free perovskite (CaTiO₃)₂ structure. The compatibility of the perovskite was further examined in terms of its biosafety in relation to the hemoglobin molecule. The obtained difference in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) values and displacement of enthalpy (ΔH) towards the more stable side, as well as higher deformation and binding energies of perovskite, were found when combined with letrozole. These signs suggest that more spontaneous tumor growth and tight binding to the cancerous formation were achieved, which did not present any apparent hematotoxicity. Then, lead-free perovskites may serve as a potential mediator for enhancing the efficacy of letrozole in breast cancer treatment.
14:12	Elias Artica-Hinostroza, Bryan Zuñiga-Huaycho and Renny Nazario-Naveda Bibliometric Analysis of Research Panorama on Construction Materials and Sustainability ABSTRACT. This research analyzed the literature indexed in the Scopus database between 1998 and 2024 to show the current state of research on construction materials and sustainability. The bibliometric analysis shows notable growth in the last decade, where established research coexists with emerging trends. Journals such as Construction and Building Materials maintain a high impact, while Sustainability reflects rapid progress, a sign of the growing attention towards urban sustainability. Authors such as Huseien and Adesina, despite their recent careers, have achieved great influence, and works such as that of Behera (2014) continue to set a benchmark. India has become a leader in scientific production and networking, although countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and China are key players in international coordination. The institutional diversity, which includes universities in Asia, Europe, and Africa, reflects a decentralized approach. Keyword networks and thematic maps reveal two parallel approaches: one focused on efficient resource, emissions, and life-cycle management, and a more technical approach focused on improving mechanical properties and developing innovative composites. This suggests an approach to sustainable construction that requires both materials innovation and process development and design decisions.
14:24	Rand Ahmed and Intisar Abed The Effect of Pollutants from the Diyala Tributary on the Environmental Characteristics of the Tigris River Water ABSTRACT. Abstract. The Tigris River is the main water resource in central Iraq, yet its quality is increasingly threatened by pollutants from its tributaries. This study assessed the impact of the Diyala tributary on the environmental characteristics of the Tigris River by analyzing physicochemical and biological parameters across four stations from October 2024 to June 2025. Results revealed elevated turbidity, total dissolved solids, biological and chemical oxygen demand, and nutrient concentrations downstream of the confluence, particularly during low-flow seasons. Dissolved oxygen levels decreased significantly, reflecting high organic loads from untreated sewage and agricultural runoff. This study highlights significant spatial variation in the relative abundance and composition of rotifer species (Rotifera) across the four sampling stations in the Diyala and Tigris rivers and their confluence. The dominance of specific taxa such as Rotaria sp., R. neplunia, Monostyla bulla, and Keratella quadrata reflected differences in organic load, nutrient enrichment, and hydrological conditions. These findings confirm that rotifers are sensitive bioindicators of ecological status and water quality, providing reliable insights into the impacts of natural variability and anthropogenic activities on river ecosystems. Consequently, the study underscores the importance of using rotifer communities as effective tools for ecological monitoring and river management strategies.
14:36	Renny Nazario-Naveda, Daniel Delfin-Narciso, Luisa Juárez-Cortijo, Moisés Gallozzo-Cárdenas and Luis Angelats-Silva Eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles via Morus nigra extract in ethanol: a sustainable nanomaterial approach ABSTRACT. In this study, a green synthesis method for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was developed using Morus nigra (black mulberry) extract in 96% ethanol as a reducing agent and stabilizer. Five extract volumes (2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0 mL) were evaluated to determine the optimal synthesis conditions. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, with characteristic absorption peaks around 420 nm. When using a volume of 3.0 mL, a well-defined peak with greater stability over time was observed, indicating efficient synthesis and a more uniform size distribution. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of phenolic functional groups and anthocyanins in the extract, confirming their role as reducing and stabilizing agents on the surface of the AgNPs. Complementarily, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis showed that the nanoparticles obtained with 3.0 mL had a lower average hydrodynamic size and a narrower distribution. In antimicrobial assays, the nanoparticles showed the largest inhibition zones against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. These results confirm that Morus nigra extract allows the production of stable AgNPs with outstanding antimicrobial activity, positioning this green synthesis strategy as a sustainable and effective alternative to produce functional nanomaterials with potential applications in the biomedical and food industries.
14:48	Bayda Kalaf and Karrar Emad Abd Al Sada Solving the integrated production planning and scheduling problem via a new hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm ABSTRACT. The subject of integrating production planning and control scheduling problems is becoming increasingly important, getting more and more attention in the complicated and constantly changing environment, presenting a new integrated model for aggregate production planning and scheduling problems, in which the production cost, total production time, changeover cost, and product delivery delays are minimized. After that, a new hybrid metaheuristic algorithm is proposed that combines the Whale Optimization Algorithm and the Grey Wolves Optimization Algorithm. The results are compared with different sample sizes using the standard algorithms (Genetic, Whale, and Greywolf) and dynamic programming based on mean square error. The result shows that the hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm provides the best result.

16:00-17:00 Session 14

Chairs:

Popescu Liliana Georgeta and Simina Lakatos

16:00	Baydaa Kalaf and Karrar Emad Abd Al Sada A Novel Hybrid WOFOA Algorithm for Efficient Multi-Objective APP Solutions ABSTRACT. Recently, aggregate production planning has become increasingly important and complex. Therefore, this paper introduces a new multi-objective model for aggregate production planning that aims to minimize production costs, total production time, changeover costs, and product delivery delays. Additionally, a new hybrid metaheuristic algorithm (WAFOA) is proposed, which combines the Whale Optimization Algorithm and the Fly Optimization Algorithm to solve a multi-objective aggregate production planning problem. Three standard metaheuristic algorithms (Genetic, Whale Optimization, and Fly Optimization) are also tested with varying sample sizes for comparison. The results showed that the hybrid metaheuristic algorithm produced the best outcomes.
16:12	Adawiya Haider, Takwa Edan, Fatima Sultan, Chafic Salame, Lara Talib and Murtadha K. Salman Wavelength-Dependent Synthesis and Optical Characterization of ZnO, CuO, and TiO2 Nanostructures Prepared by Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid ABSTRACT. This study presents the synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide (ZnO), copper oxide (CuO), and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles fabricated through Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid (PLAIL). High-purity metallic targets were ablated in deionized water using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser operating at wavelengths of 532 nm and 1064 nm. The structural and optical properties of the resulting nanoparticles were analyzed using UV–Vis spectroscopy, Tauc plot analysis, Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).The results revealed a clear dependence of nanoparticle characteristics on the laser wavelength. Samples synthesized at 532 nm exhibited stronger optical absorption, wider band gaps, smaller particle sizes, and well-dispersed quasi-spherical morphologies due to quantum confinement effects, whereas larger nanoparticles with reduced absorption were obtained at 1064 nm. TEM imaging confirmed the uniform distribution of nanoparticles produced at 532 nm, corresponding to increased band gaps of ZnO (3.45 eV) and CuO (1.90 eV). EDX analysis further verified the high purity and accurate elemental composition of all samples.These findings underscore the potential of PLAIL as a clean, additive-free technique for tailoring nanostructures suitable for photocatalytic self-cleaning surfaces and other environmentally sustainable applications.
16:24	Boukar Bakang, Bidias Benjamin, Dieudonné Kidmo and Nsouandélé Dit Bouerdjila Towards Heat-Resilient Photovoltaics: Experimental Evidence of Performance Losses in the Far North Region of Cameroon ABSTRACT. The Far North region of Cameroon, presents extreme thermal challenges for photovoltaics (PV), with ambient temperatures frequently exceeding 45°C. This study experimentally quantifies PV performance losses under real-world Sudano-Sahelian conditions in Maroua. Hourly monitoring over 12 months revealed critical thermal stress: PV modules operated 91% of the time above 25°C, peaking at 67°C. Despite high solar irradiance, close to 1000 W/m², this caused significant power degradation. Results show a power loss of approximately 9.5 W per module, 19% of rated power, corresponding to a thermal degradation rate of 0.46% per °C. These findings underscore the severe impact of heat on PV yield in Sudano-Sahelian climates and provide critical experimental evidence supporting the urgent need for advanced heat-resilient PV designs and cooling strategies to enhance energy production in such demanding environments
16:36	Abdou Aziz Dourfaye Najim, Lahcen Mifdal, Sofiene Dellagi and El Mehdi Guendouli Maintenance Strategies Integrating Environmental Impact For Wind Turbine Gear Trains ABSTRACT. This paper studies the development and implementation of maintenance strategies for wind turbine gear trains over a given operating period M. Using a predefined threshold of oil contamination by particles, the degradation of gear trains is monitored. The progressive contamination of the lubricating oil is indeed a key indicator of internal wear. When the contamination level reaches a critical threshold, corrective actions are implemented to limit the risks of failure and performance losses. The principle is as follows: when the contamination reaches a critical threshold, the production rate is reduced to perform either filtration or an oil change. With this in mind, two strategies are proposed to mitigate production losses and extend the lifetime of the components. The first strategy consists of performing imperfect maintenance actions at regular intervals, in the form of filtration, to temporarily limit the effect of contamination. A mathematical model is then developed to determine the optimal preventive maintenance (PM) period that minimizes the total expected cost per unit of time, including the costs of maintenance actions, filtration, and production losses. The second strategy, on the other hand, combines, in addition to oil filtration actions, more efficient complete oil change operations, after a certain number of filtrations. A second mathematical model is implemented to determine the optimal oil change and preventive maintenance periods, thus minimizing the average total cost per unit of time, by integrating intervention costs, production losses, and the cumulative effects of contamination. Both strategies are also compared with the taxes and pollution costs of filtration and oil change operations to take into account the impact of these interventions on the environment, since although they produce renewable energy, maintenance operations generate potentially polluting waste. Using numerical data, both strategies are evaluated and compared. The results show that integrating an oil change significantly reduces the overall maintenance cost while delaying preventive maintenance operations. Thus, the two proposed models provide a decision-making framework applicable to any similar system.
16:48	Iman Salam, Adawiya Haider, Azhar Hassan, Ali Addie, Chafic Salame and Bakr Taha Structural and Morphological Properties of WO3 Nanoparticles Synthesized Under Varying Laser Fluences ABSTRACT. The increased water contamination has created an urgent need for efficient and eco-friendly water treatment technology. We present a scalable method of engineering WO3 nanoparticles using pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL), in which the laser fluence is accurately adjusted to customize the crystallinity and particle shape. Studies were described by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). At an optimal energy laser of 150 mJ, the resulting nanoparticles exhibit a decrease in crystallite size to (56.2 nm), moderately narrow size distribution (~610 nm), On the other hand, due to heat deterioration and plasma-mediated link cleavage, increased fluences cause structural amorphization, surface oxidation, and aggregation. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) supported these conclusions, showing that nanoparticles were evenly spread out at lower doses but clustered more closely together at greater energy levels. This work presents PLAL as an environmentally friendly and adjustable synthesis platform for next-generation photocatalysts and provides a broadly applicable method for nanoscale semiconductor customization.

17:00-18:00 Session 15

Chairs:

Panagiotis Papageorgas and Simina Lakatos

17:00	Moises Gallozzo Cardenas, Renny Nazario-Naveda, Luis Angelats-Silva, Nicole Terrones, Juan Miguel Alva-Sevilla and María Mondejar Barrios Bibliometric Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles in Sustainable Medical and Bioscience Applications ABSTRACT. In this bibliometric analysis of research on silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) from 2019 to 2024, highlighting publication trends, geographic distribution, authorship, and keyword usage. Significant growth in the number of publications is observed, especially in chemistry and materials science, although with a lesser focus on medical applications. India and China lead in the number of published articles and citations, with notable contributions from Saudi Arabia. Muhammad Ikram is identified as the most cited author in this field. The analysis revealed a strong interest in green synthesis and antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles, with recurring keywords such as “silver nanoparticles,” “green synthesis,” and “antibacterial,” indicating a focus on green synthesis methods. The most relevant journals in this field include “Nanomaterials,” “Polymers,” and “ACS Omega,” which facilitate the dissemination of findings. The study also highlights the importance of collaboration between researchers and the growing funding in this area, with an emphasis on exploring synthesis methods and addressing challenges such as toxicity and stability. The research used the Scopus database and tools such as VOSviewer and Excel for data analysis and seeks to improve collaboration between researchers and advance the field of biomedicine related to silver nanoparticles.
17:12	Mohammad Issa, Nour Eldin Afyouni, Abed-Meraïm Kamel, Marwan Alkheir, Hassan Assoum and Anas Sakout Numerical Simulation of the Aeroacoustic Coupling of a Turbulent Plane Jet impinging on a Slotted plate PRESENTER: Mohammad Issa ABSTRACT. Abstract. This study focuses on the numerical simulation of a turbulent flow interacting with a slotted plate, with the aim of analyzing the aeroacoustic coupling mechanisms responsible for the generation of self-sustained tones. Based on a reference experiment conducted, an unsteady two-dimensional simulation was performed, employing the Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) model to accurately capture the vortex structures. Numerical results at Reynolds numbers 4700 and 4800 show a symmetric behavior in the simulation, unlike the experiment which reveals a transition to antisymmetric behavior at 4800. Acoustics level simulation enabled the detection of a peak of frequency in the acoustic signal similar to what was obtained by the microphone. Additionally, the simulation allowed the exploration of areas that are experimentally difficult to access near the plate. A correlation between the upstream and downstream velocity fields was also demonstrated, highlighting the coherent structures responsible for the feedback loop. The overall good agreement between simulation and experiment validates the numerical approach for understanding the studied physical phenomena.
17:24	Michel Matar, Bilal El Zohbi, Abed-Meraïm Kamel, Bilal Taher, Hassan Assoum and Anas Sakout Flow Dynamics, Acoustic generation and Heat Transfer of a Rectangular Jet Impinging on a Heated Plate ABSTRACT. Abstract. This study investigates the coupled dynamics of flow, acoustics, and heat transfer in a rectangular jet impinging on a heated plate at a single Reynolds number of 3550. The flow field was characterized using the Q-criterion and vortex line visualization, supported by Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) to extract dominant energetic modes. Acoustic measurements from four microphones and velocity probe signals within the jet were analyzed in both frequency and modal domains to identify correlations between flow structures and acoustic resonance. Finally, heat transfer reliability was assessed through the Stanton number distribution obtained from infrared thermography of the plate. Results reveal that coherent vortical structures govern both the acoustic response and the spatial distribution of Stanton number. A clear link is established between dominant flow modes, acoustic frequencies, and localized heat transfer enhancement, demonstrating the robustness of the impinging jet configuration for thermal management applications.
17:36	Bilal El Zohbi, Michel Matar, Abed-Meraïm Kamel, Hassan Assoum and Anas Sakout Aero-Acoustic Description Under Different Temperature Conditions at in a Jet Impinging on a Slotted Plate ABSTRACT. Abstract. In this investigation, the influence of the plate temperature on both aeroacoustics and flow characteristics of a jet impinging from a rectangular nozzle and Re = 3750 was considered. Experiments were conducted using Particle Image Velocimetry Technique (PIV), Infrared Thermography and microphones to simultaneously capture different flow structures, heat transfer behavior and sound pressure levels. As the plate was heated, the sound pressure level increased by approximately 7 dB, accompanied by the emergence of a secondary frequency peak at 105 Hz. This frequency was linked to the changes that occurred in the vortex convection velocity near the heated plate wall, suggesting a strong coupling between thermal effects and flow instabilities. When the plate was cooled to steady-state conditions, the secondary peak in the frequency spectrum disappeared and the sound pressure level decreased. These findings confirmed the reversible thermal influence on the jet’s aeroacoustics response.
17:48	Moussa Ahmat, Augustin Memtine Ndong, Amir Moungache and Dieudonné Kidmo A Hybrid BBO and Gradient Descent Method to Reduce Phase Imbalances and Transformer Overloads ABSTRACT. Distribution networks suffer transformer overloads and phase imbalance, exacerbated by sparse load measurements. We propose a data-robust hybrid optimization framework that couples Biogeography-Based Optimization for global exploration with gradient descent for local refinement to allocate transformer loading and balance phases under uncertainty. In simulation studies, the method reduces phase imbalance by 49.99%, cuts overloaded transformers by 28.71% (from 68%), and lowers underloaded units by 10.86% (from 18%). The framework accommodates incomplete daily profiles, enhances reliability, mitigates energy losses and equipment degradation, and supports scalable deployment for grid operations. By uniting metaheuristic robustness with analytical rigor, it offers a practical pathway to extend asset lifespan, reduce maintenance costs, and improve service quality. This work establishes a foundation for data-efficient optimization in distribution systems and paves the way for adaptive, self-healing grids.

PROGRAM FOR WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 31ST

08:00-09:00 Session 16

Chairs: Akram Jabur and Moises Gallozzo Cardenas

08:00	Sameera Ebrahiem, Ulvi Kanbur, Khalid H. M. and Mustafa Shareef Reduced Transition Probabilities for even-even nuclides (Po and Rn) with A=206-222 ABSTRACT. Abstract: We computed the electric quadrupole transition and determined the relationship between the number of neutrons and M(E2) \|2w.u↓ for gamma rays from 2+ to 0+ using Ferston's half-life time for the 84Po and 86Rn isotopes for even-even (A=206- 222). We determine the empirical formula for these relations using the MATLAB tool. For the 84Po and 86Rn nuclides enumerated and displayed, the computed decreased transition probabilities B(E2) e2b2 ↑ values are compared with theoretical and experimental predictions, and they show good agreement with SSANM and FRDM as well as with experimental values of Global. When determining the present work of the transition probability (T), the mean life time (τ (s)), and the theoretical value of the energy state (first and ground) of a strontium isotope, By computing the theoretical value of the total width for gamma decay and the Weisskopf Γ(E2) w. u energy (the Weisskopf single-particle widths), the theoretical value of the energy state (first and ground) and the present action of the transmission force \|M(E2)\|2 W.u ↓, This is part of the formula where A is the mass number and Eγ is computed in keV. After tabulating, discussing, and drawing the results, it was discovered that the value of \|M(E2)\|2 W.u ↓ is at its lowest when the magic number of neutrons is equal to 128 and that the values rise as we move away from the magic numbers, that is, when the nuclei are saturated for even-even nuclei and the same subject, regardless of the number of protons.
08:12	Ioannis Kosmadakis, Tatiani Stimoniari, Costas Elmasides and Katerina Stamatelatou Performance Analysis of Green Hydrogen Production via Surplus Solar Power Supplying Alkaline Electrolysis PRESENTER: Ioannis Kosmadakis ABSTRACT. This study presents the experimental setup and performance analysis of a hybrid photovoltaic–battery–electrolyzer system designed for “green” hydrogen production using surplus solar power. The setup integrates PV arrays, lithium storage, power electronics, and an alkaline electrolyzer operating dynamically under real solar conditions. Results show stable hydrogen output up to 511 L h⁻¹ at 2.5 kW and a linear correlation between electrolyzer power and hydrogen flow. The system achieved high efficiency and reliable operation under variable irradiance, confirming the technical feasibility of renewable-powered electrolysis and its potential for future Power-to-Gas (P2G) applications.
08:24	Bushra Hussein and Kareem Jasim Bismuth-Doped Modifications in the Aluminum Antimonide Thin Films Solar Absorber Layers PRESENTER: Bushra Hussein ABSTRACT. Abstract. AlSb: Bi films, which serve as a great absorber layer for the thin-film solar cell, were deposited on many different substrates by the thermal evaporation deposition (TED) method. The physical properties of AlSb thin film were studied. The XRD pattern shows that pure AlSb and Bi-doped AlSb have a polycrystalline cubic structure at room temperature, with a preferential orientation along the (111) plane. The effects of Bi-doped AlSb on the direct band gap of thin film was understandable (1.78-1.52) eV. The result of the electrical calculation showed that the energy of activation of AlSb:Bi had several low values and high conductivity. AlSb is a promising absorber layer, offering low cost and acknowledged for its great tunable bandgap, with high optical absorption and the use of earth-abundant elements.
08:36	Eliseo Zarate-Perez and Josue Zarate-Perez Solar Tracking Performance in Residential Photovoltaic Systems to Optimize Efficiency and Profitability PRESENTER: Josue Zarate-Perez ABSTRACT. The objective of this study is to analyze and compare the energy and economic performance of residential photovoltaic systems with fixed structures and single-axis solar tracking in Lima, Peru. Hourly modeling was used, employing actual climate data, electricity demand profiles, and technical parameters from a commercial 5.67 kWp solar kit, considering the efficiency of the modules, inverters, and the annual consumption of the tracker. The analysis included estimates of annual generation, specific yield, levelized cost of energy (LCOE), net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and payback period, as well as a sensitivity study on variations in CAPEX and electricity prices. The results show that the incorporation of solar tracking increased annual production by 43% compared to the fixed system (10,349 vs. 7,220 kWh/year), improving the LCOE to 0.076 USD/kWh. However, improvements in NPV and IRR were marginal due to the higher investment cost and low valuation of surpluses. It is concluded that, under the current tariff context, the economic viability of solar tracking depends mainly on CAPEX and the existence of incentives or favorable tariffs for surplus energy.
08:48	Shaymaa A. Jaber, Ali Naji Saleh and Bahjat Kadhim Physical Simulation to Evaluate the Impact of Nano Perovskite and 18F-FDG Medical Dye as Intravenous Carriers for Doxorubicin PRESENTER: Shaymaa A. Jaber ABSTRACT. The study involved enhancing the targeted delivery of the breast cancer medicament doxorubicin using two new nanosystems: a molecular imaging probe (18F-FDG) and nano perovskite (CaTiO₃)₂. Molecular simulations and density functional theory were employed to investigate the interaction of the medicament with proteins in cancer cells and blood. The results indicated that the medicament, when docked with 18F-FDG, could promote selectivity and stability, decrease structural deformation, and thus improve therapeutic efficacy. Nano perovskite offered high electronic stability but decreased biorelease. Optical spectra further indicated no discernible absorption in the visible region, implying its safety for intravenous delivery. These results indicate that nano perovskite is perhaps a permanent carrier, while 18F-FDG can achieve delivery of medicament accurately if the medicament release rate is manageable.

09:00-10:00 Session 17

Chairs: Elena Cristina Rada and Segundo R.-F.

09:00

Maysaa Manea Jassim Al-Ahbabi and Intisar Ghanim Abdulwahhab

Molecular detection of Cryptosporidium Parvum Using TRAPC1 and TRAPC2 Genes in Salah Al-Din Governorate

PRESENTER: Maysaa Manea Jassim Al-Ahbabi

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to diagnose Cryptosporidium parvum infection in children using the TRAPC1 and TRAPC2 genes. One hundred stool samples were collected from patients attending Tikrit Teaching Hospital between October 1, 2024, and March 30, 2025. Using modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain, Cryptosporidium parvum was detected in 38% of the samples, with higher infection rates in males (42%) than in females (31.5%). The highest prevalence was observed in the 3-5 year age group (44.4%), while the lowest was in the 13-15 year age group (21.4%). Seasonal variation in infection rates was observed, with the peak prevalence in January (56%) and the lowest rate in October (16.6%). DNA was extracted from 100 stool samples and the results showed the presence of a DNA band in 93 samples out of a total of 100 samples. Conventional PCR diagnosis was then performed using primers for both the TRAPC2 and TRAPC1 genes on 93 samples and the results showed that the number of samples positive for the TRAPC2 gene was 18 samples (19.4%), while the TRAPC1 gene gave a positive result in 26 samples (27.9%).

09:12

Fatima Akram Abd Ali and Intisar Ghanim Abdulwahhab

Molecular Detection and Genotyping of Giardia lamblia in Diarrheic Patients Using Nested PCR and RFLP-PCR by gdh Gene

PRESENTER: Fatima Akram Abd Ali

ABSTRACT. This study was conducted to detect Giardia lamblia parasite and identify its genotypes based on the gdh gene using nested PCR and RFLP techniques. 100 stool samples were collected from patients with diarrhea, aged between 1 month and 41 years, during the period from October 2024 to July 2025. Microscopic examination revealed that (36%) of the samples were infected with the parasite. At the molecular level, DNA extraction was successful in 83 samples, of which 61 showed a primary amplification of (605 bp), and 51 samples showed a secondary amplification of (520 bp). RFLP analysis using RsaI enzyme revealed the presence of genotypes A and B, in addition to mixed infections. The prevalence of type B was 50.98%, followed by type A (39.21%), while mixed infections constituted (9.8%).

09:24

Murtadha S. Nayyef, Naz T. Jarallaha and Amal J. Hatem

Study The Effect of Neutron Numbers on The Reduced Transition Probability and Deformation Parameter for Even-Even 56Ba Isotopes

PRESENTER: Murtadha S. Nayyef

ABSTRACT. Neutrons numbers affects the reduced transition probability B(E2) as well as the shape of the nuclide. In this study, to determine how the shape of the nuclide is affected by the changing neutron numbers, reduced transition probability B(E2) and deformation parameter (β2) have been studied for 56Ba isotopes, which have neutron numbers (62-92). Transition probability B(E2) and deformation parameter (β2) have been plotted as a function of neutron number to study the effect of neutron numbers on them. The results showed that the shape of the nucleus is close to a spherical shape when the number of neutrons approaches the magic number.

10:00-11:00 Session 18

Chairs: Hamdy Aboali and Alaa Abd Algaffar

11:00-12:00 Session 19

Chairs: Hawraa Alwaelly and Hiba Ali

13:00-14:00Lunch Break

13:00-14:00 Session 20

Chair: Abdelhakim Khatab

14:00-15:00 Session 21

Chairs: Prince Adolphus Juah and María Mondejar Barrios

15:00-16:00 Session 22

Chair:

16:00-17:00 Closing

Chairs: Chafic Salamé, Elena Cristina Rada and Panagiotis Papageorgas